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Article
D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurThis 518-page book is part of a series on Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, volume 42. The book is divided into 22 individually authored chapters. The first chapter deals with native pollinators in anthropogenic habitats. The[...]
Article
James F. Cahill, Auteur ; Gordon G. McNickle, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurForaging for resources influences ecological interactions among individuals and species, regardless of taxonomic affiliation. Here we review studies of nutrient foraging in plants, with an emphasis on how nutritious and non-nutritious cues in th[...]
Article
David J. Lohman, Auteur ; Mark de Bruyn, Auteur ; Timothy Page, Auteur ; Kristina von Rintelen, Auteur ; Robert Hal, Auteur ; Peter K. L. Ng, Auteur ; Hsi-Te Shih, Auteur ; Gary R. Carvalho, Auteur ; Thomas von Rintelen, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurThe extraordinary species richness and endemism of the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA) exists in one of the most geologically dynamic regions of the planet. The provenance of its biota has been debated, particularly in the area known as Wallac[...]
Article
Arndt Hampe, Auteur ; Alistair S. Jump, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurPopulations left behind during climate-driven range shifts can persist in enclaves of benign environmental conditions within an inhospitable regional climate. Such climate relicts exist in numerous plant and animal species worldwide, yet our kno[...]
Article
Richard J. Norby, Auteur ; Donald R. Zak, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurFree-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments have provided novel insights into the ecological mechanisms controlling the cycling and storage of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems and contribute to our ability to project how ecosystems respond to inc[...]
Article
Bradley J. White, Auteur ; Frank H. Collins, Auteur ; Nora J. Besansky, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurThe closely related and morphologically indistinguishable mosquito species in the Afrotropical Anopheles gambiae complex differ dramatically in their contribution to malaria transmission, ranging from major vectors through minor or locally impor[...]
Article
Bernard Wood, Auteur ; Jennifer Baker, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurWe review the fossil and genetic evidence that relate to evolution in the genus Homo. We focus on the origin of Homo and on the evidence for taxonomic diversity at the beginning of the evolutionary history of Homo and in the last 200,000 years. [...]
Article
Sasha C. Reed, Auteur ; Cory C. Cleveland, Auteur ; Alan R. Townsend, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurNitrogen (N) availability is thought to frequently limit terrestrial ecosystem processes, and explicit consideration of N biogeochemistry, including biological N-2, fixation, is central to understanding ecosystem responses to environmental chang[...]
Article
Jorge G. Alvarez-Romero, Auteur ; Robert L. Pressey, Auteur ; Natalie C. Ban, Auteur ; Ken Vance-Borland, Auteur ; Chuck Willer, Auteur ; Carissa Joy Klein, Auteur ; Steven D. Gaines, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurSpatial management, including setting aside conservation areas, is central to curbing the global decline of biodiversity, but many threats originate from beyond the boundaries of conservation areas. This is a particular problem in marine systems[...]
Article
K. J. Willis, Auteur ; G. M. MacDonald, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurThis review focuses on biotic responses during intervals of time in the fossil record when the magnitude and rate of climate change exceeded or were comparable with those predicted to occur in the next century (Solomon et al. 2007). These includ[...]
Article
T. R. Seastedt, Auteur ; Petr Pyšek, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurNorth American and European grasslands consist of relatively young communities that have evolved under human influences. These communities are uniformly sensitive to top-down controls and exhibit rapid changes in plant composition when the inten[...]
Article
Maren L. Friesen, Auteur ; Stephanie S. Porter, Auteur ; Scott C. Stark, Auteur ; Eric J. von Wettberg, Auteur ; Joel L. Sachs, Auteur ; Esperanza Martinez-Romero, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurPlants are rife with bacteria and fungi that colonize roots and shoots both externally and internally. By providing novel nutritional and defense pathways and influencing plant biochemical pathways, microbes can fundamentally alter plant phenoty[...]
Article
Rachael Winfree, Auteur ; Ignasi Bartomeus, Auteur ; Daniel P. Cariveau, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurAnimals pollinate 87% of the world's flowering plant species. Therefore, how pollinators respond to human-induced land-use change has important implications for plants and the species that depend on them. Here, we synthesize the published litera[...]
Article
Brandon Gaut, Auteur ; Liang Yang, Auteur ; Shohei Takuno, Auteur ; Luis E. Eguiarte, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurEarly studies of protein evolution established that evolutionary rates vary among sites, genes, and lineages. Here, we review rate variation within each of these three components, with an emphasis on plant nuclear genes. Evolutionary rates vary [...]
Article
Jack W. Sites, Auteur ; Tod W. Reeder, Auteur ; John J. Wiens, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurSquamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) are a diverse clade in which there appear to have been multiple origins of many remarkable traits, including (a) parthenogenetic reproduction, (b) viviparity, (c) snake-like, limb-reduced body form, (d) her[...]
Article
Fredrik Ronquist, Auteur ; Isabel Sanmartin, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurPhylogenetic approaches to biogeography are rapidly becoming more sophisticated. Four types of models are being explored in the literature: (a) diffusion models, (b) island models, (c) hierarchical vicariance models (HVMS), and (d) reticulate mo[...]
Article
Francisco Bozinovic, Auteur ; Piero Calosi, Auteur ; John I. Spicer, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurWe evaluate the extent to which physiological tolerances and capacities can be considered as factors that impact the geographic range of animals. We also discuss the importance of understanding how environmental variability interacts with physio[...]
Article
Katharine N. Suding, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurAs an inevitable consequence of increased environmental degradation and anticipated future environmental change, societal demand for ecosystem restoration is rapidly increasing. Here, I evaluate successes and failures in restoration, how science[...]
Article
William J. Boecklen, Auteur ; Christopher T. Yarnes, Auteur ; Bethany A. Cook, Auteur ; Avis C. James, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shaffer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurStable isotope analysis (SIA) has proven to be a useful tool in reconstructing diets, characterizing trophic relationships, elucidating patterns of resource allocation, and constructing food webs. Consequently, the number of studies using SIA in[...]
Article
D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurThis 411-page book is part of a series on Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Volume 41. The book is divided into eighteen individually authored chapters. The first chpater includes what animal breeding has taught us about evol[...]
Article
Mark A. Beaumont, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurIn the past 10 years a statistical technique, approximate Bayesian computation (ABC), has been developed that can be used to infer parameters and choose between models in the complicated scenarios that are often considered in the environmental s[...]
Article
Sebastien Lavergne, Auteur ; Nicolas Mouquet, Auteur ; Wilfried Thuiller, Auteur ; Ophelie Ronce, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurToday's scientists are facing the enormous challenge of predicting how climate change will affect species distributions and species assemblages To do so, ecologists are widely using phenomenological models of species distributions that mainly re[...]
Article
Tamara Shiganova, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurComparative analysis of patterns of species invasion, dispersal, and impact on ecosystems in the Ponto-Caspian seas has been ongoing since 1900 The Black Sea is an important international shipping destination High shipping intensity has facilita[...]
Article
Katherine F. Smith, Auteur ; Jean-François Guégan, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurSince the rise of modern humans, changes in demography and land use and frequent contact with wildlife and domesticated animals have created ongoing opportunities for pathogen loss, gain, and evolution in the human population Early transportatio[...]
Article
Janis L. Dickinson, Auteur ; Benjamin Zuckerberg, Auteur ; David N. Bonter, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurCitizen science, the involvement of volunteers in research, has increased the scale of ecological field studies with continent-wide, centralized monitoring efforts and, more rarely, tapping of volunteers to conduct large, coordinated, field expe[...]
Article
Jacob Weiner, Auteur ; Robert P. Freckleton, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurConstant final yield is an empirical generalization concerning the total biomass production of plant stands growing at different densities after a period of growth Total standing biomass initially increases m proportion to density, levels off, a[...]
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Joseph E. Fargione, Auteur ; Richard J. Plevin, Auteur ; Jason D. Hill, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurThe ecological impact of biofuels is mediated through their effects on land, air, and water In 2008, about 33 3 million ha were used to produce food-based biofuels and their coproducts Biofuel production from food crops is expected to increase 1[...]
Article
Joan G. Ehrenfeld, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurExotic species affect the biogeochemical pools and fluxes of materials and energy, thereby altering the fundamental structure and function of their ecosystems Rapidly accumulating evidence from many species of both animal and plant invaders sugg[...]
Article
Gretchen E. Hofmann, Auteur ; James P. Barry, Auteur ; Peter J. Edmunds, Auteur ; Ruth D. Gates, Auteur ; David A. Hutchins, Auteur ; Terrie Klinger, Auteur ; Mary A. Sewell, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurOcean acidification (OA), a consequence of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, poses a serious threat to marine organisms in tropical, open-ocean, coastal, deep-sea, and high-latitude sea ecosystems The diversity of taxonomic groups that pre[...]
Article
Stephen F. Chenoweth, Auteur ; Katrina McGuigan, Auteur ; D. J. Futuyma, Auteur ; H. B. Shafer, Auteur ; D. Simberloff, AuteurSexually selected traits contribute greatly to phenotypic diversity, yet we have historically understood little about their genetic basis and how that basis may affect their evolution Recent work in developmental and quantitative genetics has pr[...]
