| Titre : | Important Bird Areas: Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island |
| Auteurs : | Peter Ryan, Auteur |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | British Birds (101(11) NOV 2008) |
| Article en page(s) : | 586-606 |
| Résumé : | The Tristan da Cunha archipelago and nearby Gough Island are the only cool-temperate oceanic islands in the South Atlantic. They are globally important breeding sites for eight million pairs of seabirds, including four endemic breeding species. The islands also are home to seven landbird species, all of which are found nowhere else. Tristan da Cunha and Gough are regarded as separate Endemic Bird Areas (EBAs) because of their unique landbirds. They share many of the same seabirds, although Spectacled Petrel Procellaria conspicillata is found only on Inaccessible, and virtually all Tristan Albatrosses Diomedea dabbenena and Atlantic Petrels Pterodroma incerta breed on Gough, following catastrophic declines on Tristan. Inaccessible and Nightingale Islands have been little affected by people; they remain free of introduced mammals, and Inaccessible is home to the smallest surviving flightless bird in the world, the Inaccessible Rail Atlantisia rogersi. Tristan has been less fortunate, as rats, mice and a host of other alien species have been introduced there by humans. Both Tristan Moorhen Gallinula nesiotis and Tristan Bunting Nesospiza acunhae became extinct shortly after the island was colonised by humans, and most seabird populations are either extinct or have been greatly reduced. Gough is plagued by introduced House Mice Mus musculus, which are slowly eroding its claim of being the greatest seabird island in the world. Urgent action is needed to remove mice from Gough, and there is potential to restore parts of Tristan if Black Rats Rattus rattus and mice are eradicated. |
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