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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Breeding birds of "wild pastures" in Schleswig-Holstein
Auteurs :	Helge Neumann, Auteur ; Martin Ruf, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (132(1) 2011)
Article en page(s) :	35-44
Résumé :	Year-round grazing systems characterised by low stocking rates and abandonment of fertilisation and mechanical operations have been established as a cost-effective and practicable tool for conservation and development of open landscapes in Germany. In the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein several of these nature conservation areas feature man-made open water bodies, which were created to especially support amphibian populations. As the effects of this special type of nature conservation areas ("wild pastures") on breeding bird communities have not been systematically analysed so far, territory mapping of breeding birds was carried out on ten year-round grazing areas in 2009. In order to analyse the success of nature conservation measures, every pasture" was compared with a related area, which was managed similar to the former land use of the conservation sites (conventionally used arable land and grassland).Total abundance of breeding pairs and species diversity (species density, Shannon index) was significantly higher on "wild pastures" compared to the reference areas. Species density as well as total abundance of threatened bird species also achieved higher values in the year-round grazing areas. Both species and breeding bird density of ground nesting bird species as well as of species on the farmland bird index were significantly higher on "wild pastures". Significant effects on the abundance of single bird species could be detected for Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis and Skylark Alauda arvensis, which both reached higher abundances in the nature conservation areas. As expected, open water bodies, which existed in 70% of the "wild pastures" (ponds, shallow waters), enhanced species diversity dependent on the extent of waters, whereas mainly common bird species were registered at the waterbodies.Results indicate that the establishment of "wild pastures" is well suited for realisation of bird protection and biodiversity targets in agricultural landscapes.

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