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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	[Synopsis of the 2nd report on the state of the birds in Germany - Focus: Birds in urban environments]
Auteurs :	Hermann Hoetker, Auteur ; Hans-Guenther Bauer, Auteur ; Martin Flade, Auteur ; Alexander Mitschke, Auteur ; Christoph Sudfeldt, Auteur ; Peter Suedbeck, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (121(5-6) 2000)
Article en page(s) :	331-342
Résumé :	This overview of recent bird population developments in Germany is based on information presented in this and the two preceding VOGELWELT issues, the 2nd report on the state of birds in Germany (1st report see VOGELWELT 117: 165-365 (1996)), and some additional data. Urban habitats the focus of this report increasingly form centres of local bird abundance, notably of those species nesting in or on buildings, of various woodland species, and of Corvids. Most species living in cities are generalists and rather common overall. Despite their rich birdlife, urban habitats hardly contribute to the conservation of rare or threatened species. Among birds in urban habitats in Germany, Crested Lark, House Sparrow and an array of species using certain rural structures at the edge of cities or in villages show considerable population declines. Many other species, however, were able to maintain or even increase their density in cities. In order to support the conservation of birds in cities, technical measures can improve nesting opportunities in or on buildings. Moreover, measures to improve habitat conditions for birds in suburbs and villages are recommended. We stress the importance of urban birds and their habitats for education and recreation purposes. A short summary of recent population trends in other habitats is given. Divergent population trends have been noticed. Woodland birds capitalised on the increasing amount of timber stock in forests and changes in forestry management. In some larger bird species. protection measures (e.g. stop of hunting, protection of nesting sites) started to have an effect, their populations have mostly increased. The general eutrophication of most habitats has enlarged the food resources of many species. Hence, several water birds, gulls and Corvids as well as other ubiquists increased in numbers. Many species specialised on reedheds or on habitats poor in nutrients (pear bogs, heathland), however, face difficulties. Continuously negative trends can be found in birds of open farmland habitats, in particular birds of wet grassland. The state of monitoring projects in Germany is briefly discussed. Lack of financial support is still the biggest problem.

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