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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	The current situation of forest birds in Germany - introduction and synopsis.
Auteurs :	Martin Flade, Auteur ; Sabine Baumann, Auteur ; Peter Suedbeck, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (125(3-4) 2004)
Article en page(s) :	145-150
Résumé :	This paper reviews all contributions published in this special issue 'Forest Birds', which is a main part of the 'Third Report on the Status of Birds in Germany', and summarises the major results. Since forests have originally been the dominant ecosystem type in Germany, forest birds build a substantial part of the indigenous bird fauna. Correspondingly, quite many of the species of which Germany holds populations of European or global importance are forest birds. Forests and forest birds should have, therefore, a high priority in nature conservation in Germany. During the past centuries, forest birds were subject of - often underestimated or omitted - violent population dynamics due to the tremendous changes in forest use and management. Actually, the indigenous forest bird fauna experiences a phase of consolidation and recovery, which is caused by a new orientation of the forestry administrations towards near-natural methods of silviculture and forestry management and - compared with former times - a less intensive exploitation. On the other hand, species groups like those of light or half-open forest stands or coniferous plantations, which were supported by human impact in the past, are in decline. However, only a few typical forest birds are still severely endangered in Germany, for instance Lesser Spotted Eagle, Capercaillie and Hazel Grouse. Due to the combined effects of different types of air pollution ('neuartige Waldschaden'), also the forest bird communities of higher altitudes are subject to severe changes. The future perspectives of German forest birds are evaluated as critical: Additionally to the unforeseeable and incalculable effects of global climate change the current trends of forest privatisation and transformation of state forest administrations into commercial forestry enterprises form a big potential threat, which could deteriorate the actual achievements of nature conservation and a more conservation-sound, multi-functional modern forestry. - Derived from the major results of the contributions in this issue, demands for a German forest bird conservation programme are suggested, which correspond also in particular with the European Union's 'Natura 2000' regulations. Finally, the currently discernible research needs are summarised and the need for a further completion of the running German breeding bird survey is stressed.

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