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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Population trend, breeding biology and philopatry of Bee-eater Merops apiaster in Sachsen-Anhalt, eastern Germany
Auteurs :	Ingolf Todte, Auteur ; Juergen Luge, Auteur ; Michael Harz, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (120(4) 1999)
Article en page(s) :	221-229
Résumé :	Bee-eaters have bred periodically in northern Germany at least since the last century. The species recently recolonized Sachsen-Anhalt (eastern Germany) starting about 1990 or slightly earlier. This population increased from initially two pairs in 1990 to at least 37 pairs in 1998. From 1994 to 1998 we studied nine colonies (total of 61 broods) and ringed a total of 188 Bee-eaters, 120 of which were freshly fledged juveniles. 84 % of the breeding adults were ringed, 18 % were recaptured in later years. Three individuals were recaptured after two years, two others over a period of three years. Up to September 1998, 21 % of the birds were recovered at least one year after ringing or away from the ringing site. Bee-eaters bred in active and abandoned gravel pits. Of the 61 breeding burrows, 84 % were 1.5 - 2 m above the ground. At two nests each, a third adult was helping to feed the nestlings. One of these helpers was a male at least 3 years old. Overall, 93.4 % of all breeding attempts were successful. Thirty successful pairs fledged at least 120 young. The mean number of fledged young was 4.1 per successful nest (or 3.6 per breeding attempt). The rate of reproduction was thus not lower than in the contiguous range of the species further south. 21 % of the adults and 17.2 % of the fledged juveniles were faithful to their colonies in later years. Nine (31 %) of the fledged juveniles were later found breeding in another colony, seven of them at a distance of 4.5 km from their place of birth, one 8.5 km and one 15 km away. Twelve (38 %) of the adult breeding birds were recorded breeding in a different colony in a later year, 11 of them within a range of 4.5 km and one at a distance of 8.5 km. Mates of one pair were recorded breeding together in 1996, 1997 and 1998, even though they used a colony in 1997 which was 4 km away from their 1996 and 1998 breeding place. Apparently most juveniles fledged locally will start breeding near their place of birth in later years and the population seems to be self-sustaining.

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