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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Set-aside windows in winter cereals: a conservation measure for the threatened Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana?
Auteurs :	Marjam Gues, Auteur ; Claudia Puerckhauer, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (132(2) 2011)
Article en page(s) :	81-92
Résumé :	In Bavaria the population of the Ortolan Bunting is heavily decreasing. Therefore, measures for the protection of Ortolan Bunting are being tested within the scope of the species protection programme of the Landesbund fur Vogelschutz in Bayern e.V. (LBV) and the Bayerisches Landesamt fur Umwelt (LfU). One such measure is the creation of so-called Ortolan Bunting windows" (set-aside patches). These are specially created gaps in winter cereals. Within the last decades the vegetation in areas with winter cereals has grown higher and denser. Because of their heterogeneous and lower vegetation structure, the patches should provide an additional feeding habitat for the Ortolan Bunting. Dense and high crop stands are considered to be less suitable for the Ortolan Bunting.Aim of this study was to examine if the patches are actually accepted as foraging habitat and preferred to other areas. Therefore, 2,956 foraging flights were recorded. The study took place in Grettstadt, rural district of Schweinfurt, Bavaria. The ten intensively observed breeding pairs significantly preferred Ortolan Bunting patches for foraging, as well as forest edges, hedges and turnip fields. The temporary distribution of foraging flights showed that forest edges and hedges were used especially at the beginning of the breeding season. The rich supply of insects in the treetops represents an important part of the nestling food. In contrast, the importance of turnip fields only increased towards the end of the breeding season. The acceptance of the patches was greater at the beginning and towards the end of the study period. Within these weeks flights to the patches made up to 10% of all foraging flights. These might give a hint to the importance of patches as a foraging habitat during recovery from spring migration and at the end of the breeding phase, and during preparation for the autumn migration. Lastly, this study gives some important conclusions for practical protection of Ortolan Buntings.

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