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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	[Succession of the avifauna in disturbed areas in the Bayerischer Wald national park, Germany.]
Auteurs :	Christian Lang, Auteur ; Wolfgang Scherzinger, Auteur ; Werner Konold, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Ornithologischer Anzeiger (42(1) Januar 2003)
Article en page(s) :	1-15
Résumé :	The report deals with the breeding dynamics of birds after windthrow and insect gradation in the mountain forests of the National Park Bayerischer Wald, Germany. The study site (size: 318 hectares) was located in fir-beech-spruce dominated woodland (750-960 m a.s.l.). It showed patches of up to 3 hectares disturbed by storms in 1983/84 with a following beetle gradation (Ips typographus). The whole area remained untouched by forestry. The large gaps showed an early successional stage, dominated by dense birch vegetation, the smaller gaps showed a tree regeneration of spruce, fir and beech. The avifauna was determined by means of a square-grid survey (size of square-unit: 1 hectare). Between April and July 2001 every square-unit was checked eight times and every species seen or heard was recorded. The 318 square-units were subdivided into four groups, depending on the degree of disturbance with subsequent linking to the data of single bird species and bird communities. The results were compared with a former survey from the same area and other relevant examinations. The heavily disturbed square units showed a high diversity of bird species and high number of individuals due to the richness of structure elements and edge effects. Especially Wren, Dunnock, Willow Warbler, Chiffchaff, Blackcap, Nutcracker, Great Spotted Woodpecker, Black Woodpecker and Hazel Grouse were numerous. Only a few species preferred the undisturbed square units (Chaffinch, Coal Tit, Crested Tit, Wood Warbler). Birds of the open and semi-open woodland, like wagtails and pipits, which were found for a few years after the windthrows, disappeared completely. Wren and Dunnock, which need dense structures close to the ground, were still abundant. The spectrum of bird species 15-20 years after the disturbance is relatively similar to the spectrum of old stands. But the frequency of the single species differs. Particularly insectivore species, which prefer dense shrub vegetation, were numerous (e.g. warblers).

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