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Titre :	The "little" Dunlin Calidris alpina schinzii in Schleswig-Holstein - obituary for a nearly extinct breeding bird
Auteurs :	Rolf K. Berndt, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (135(3) 2015)
Article en page(s) :	109-120
Résumé :	In the 19th century, the Dunlin was a moderately abundant breeding bird in Schleswig-Holstein, but occurring in high densities in some bogs and moorlands in the moraine landscape of Schleswig and in some coastal areas of the North and Baltic Seas. From that level of perhaps 2,000 breeding pairs, the species declined considerably to about 300 pairs in the mid 1920s. These values are rough estimates based on a few quantitative data and on the development of the landscape. Afterwards the population size further decreased, with only 40-45 pairs left around 1970. Only single pairs remained until today, and probably the only breeding site occupied annually is "Rickelbuller Koog" (three pairs in 2015).Significant reasons for that decline are the countrywide destructions of near-natural landscapes such as salt marshes, bogs, mires and flooded lowlands, which were initiated in the late 19th century. In addition, precipation and high tides during the breeding period increased, suggesting low breeding success in the long term. Moreover, given the main breeding range in the north, the species can be regarded as relict from the ice age, enduring as long as barely used, near-natural habitats were available in a large extent. The breeding population of the subspecies is declining in the whole Baltic, indicating a large-scale retraction from the southern limit of the breeding range.

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