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Résumé :
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In Bavaria in 153 near-natural Strict Forest Reserves timber is not being used anymore. This report compares breeding bird communities of eight broad-leaved deciduous Strict Forest Reserves using data from quantitative raster mappings. Both the comparison of gildes and the ordination show a progression of the reserves along a gradient of their near-natural status. Old oak tree high forest stands and reserves with trees showing huge crowns of former coppice with a standard system in a landscape of deciduous woods are very close to natural conditions. Clearly reserves with a proportion of conifer trees in a landscape of coniferous forests are further away from natural conditions. Reserves dominated by beech show fewer indicators of near-natural status, where old growing trees are still missing. With an increasing degree of near-natural status also the species richness, shown in a Shinozaki graph, is also increasing. Judged by the degree of threat, reserves with a good near-natural status are also of high value to bird protection. Middle Spotted Woodpecker, Collared Flycatcher, and Pied Flycatcher with their high breeding densities proved to be appropriate indicators for near-natural broad-leaved woods. In the reserve "Eichhall" breeding densities of 2.6 pairs/10 ha were found for the Middle Spotted Woodpecker, 3.1 pairs/10 ha for the Collared Flycatcher and 6 pairs/10 ha for the Pied Flycatcher. Thus for the protection of woodland birds larger reserves with old and huge crowned oak trees in broad-leaved woods are most important, smaller reserves in conifer woods rather serve as stepping stones for the spread of rare birds.
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