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Résumé :
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The first coordinated international census of Whooper Swans wintering in continental NW Europe was carried out in January 1995. In total, 52,000 Whooper Swans were counted. As coverage was not complete, the population was estimated to comprise 59,000 individuals. This is more than twice the preceding estimate. The winter population was concentrated around Denmark (37%) and adjacent regions of Germany (26%), the remainder being in Sweden (14%), Norway (13%) and Poland (6%). Analysing the habitat use of 34,364 birds, two regions could be defined: (1) A terrestrial unit covering the main wintering region, i.e. Denmark, Skane in Sweden, The Netherlands and northern Germany, where more than 75% of the birds were recorded feeding on arable land. (2) An aquatic unit including Norway, Sweden north of Skane, Finland, the Baltic Countries, eastern and southern Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland and southern Germany, where 91% of the swans fed in aquatic habitats. Among the total continental European population, 40% were feeding on aquatic habitat and 60% were feeding on arable land, mainly winter oilseed rape, winter cereals and grass. Flock size on land was on average three times larger than on water. The proportion of juveniles among 35,152 birds averaged 14.4%, with considerable variation between regions and countries.
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