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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Birds and habitat change in Britain Part 2: past and future conservation responses
Auteurs :	Malcolm Ausden, Auteur ; Robert J. Fuller, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	British Birds (102(2) FEB 2009)
Article en page(s) :	52-71
Résumé :	Since the middle of the twentieth century, the conservation of bird habitats has developed enormously, in response to increasing habitat loss and deterioration. The approaches to conservation have been varied, including national and international designations, nature reserves, agri-environment schemes and large-scale habitat creation. In this paper, we outline the history, successes, limitations and challenges of habitat conservation. Important recent trends have been: increasingly refined approaches to habitat management on reserves and other protected areas; a growing emphasis on conservation in the wider countryside (i.e. outside reserves); and the emergence of large-scale habitat creation initiatives. Protection and management of habitats on reserves, especially for scarce species, has been broadly successful but it has proved far more difficult to reverse major declines in the populations of many farmland, woodland and upland bird species in the wider countryside. Climate change and the potential for further intensification of farming represent two major challenges ahead. Future approaches to habitat conservation will need to embrace several lines of thinking, including enhancing habitat complexity at different scales; taking more of a landscape-scale outlook to conservation efforts; exploring the potential of 'ecosystem service' approaches; and, especially for wetlands, the creation of extensive new habitats.

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