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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	[Population trend and reproduction of urban Peregrines Falco peregrinus in NE Germany 1986-1999.]
Auteurs :	Rainer Altenkamp, Auteur ; Paul Soemmer, Auteur ; Gert Kleinstaeuber, Auteur ; Christian Saar, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (122(6) 2001)
Article en page(s) :	329-339
Résumé :	During 1986-1999 population trend and reproduction of colour-ringed urban Peregrines were monitored in Northeast-Germany. In 1977 a release program of captive-bred Peregrine falcons was started in Berlin, due to this program one pair settled in the middle of Berlin in 1986. Since then the urban Peregrine population increased to 12 pairs in 1999. 78.9% of all territorial pairs laid eggs. Mean laying date in two nest-ledges under direct observation was 21. March +- 6.2 days (s.d.) (12.3. - 5.4), one repeat clutch was started on 20. May. Mean laying date backdated from the oldest nestling in another 26 successful nests 1991-99 was 24. March +- 7.9 days (7. 3. - 5. 4.), one repeat clutch was started on 18. April. Mean clutch size was 3.55 +- 0.67 (range 2 - 4); mean brood size was 2.56 +- 1.10 (range 1 - 4). Compared with urban populations in western Germany and USA, productivity between 1986 and 1996 was low, young fledged in 64% of all unmanaged breeding attempts, average brood size was 2.06 +- 0.93, overall reproduction of fledged young per territorial pair was 1.00. Reproduction in 1997-99 was similar to that of the other urban populations mentioned above, corresponding numbers were 68% successful pairs, brood size 3.06 +- 1.06 and 1.53 young per territorial pair. The difference in brood size between the two periods was significant 32.1% of all first clutches failed without direct external influences (eggs broken, addled, disappeared or not hatched). These failures were most probably caused by a high DDE contamination. DDT was used in the study area at least until 1984, probably until 1987 against forest pests. From 33 surveyed clutches 90 young hatched, of these 82 (91.1%) fledged. Determined causes of mortality during the nestling stage were Trichomoniasis (at least 2, probably 3 young) and fall from the nest ledge (2 young). Three fledged young were rescued out of smoke stacks; another 11 were rescued from the ground after their first flight. Despite this help 23 (34.3%) of 67 fledged young controlled most probably did not survive the first four weeks after fledging. Determined causes of fledgling mortality were Aspergillosis, collision, poisoning by smoke and fall in smoke stack (one case each). Nineteen young disappeared, probably most of these also died by accidents.

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