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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	The breeding system of the Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola: A review of new results (1999)
Auteurs :	Karl Schulze-Hagen, Auteur ; Bernd Leisler, Auteur ; Hinrich Martin Schaefer, Auteur ; Veronika Schmidt, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (120(2) 1999)
Article en page(s) :	87-96
Résumé :	Since 1991/1992 (SCHULZE-HAGEN 1991; CRAMP and BROOKS 1992) much has been contributed to the understanding of the breeding system of the Aquatic Warbler, a species with a mating system showing elements of scramble competition, polygyny and promiscuity. The species has been studied by our Polish-German working group in a 48 ha area in the southern basin of the Biebrza valley, NE Poland, since 1984. With the help of radio telemetry it was possible to show that male cover home ranges of up to 7.8 ha. Home ranges may overlap widely and are frequently shifting. Core areas are occupied more intensively but not constantly (SCHAEFER 1998). The male mobility correlates negatively with the number of fertile female present, and non-aggressive searching for female was more pronounced when fewer fertile female were available. Song activity did not vary seasonally but showed marked diurnal peaks with a maximum between 18.00 h and 22.00 h. After sunset, short A-songs are performed, mainly for intrasexual communication and male spacing. Our molecular analyses revealed that more than 60 % of the broods are fathered by 2 to 4 male. Hatching success in mixed paternity clutches was sometimes higher than in broods sired by a single male. In captivity, the duration of copulation averages 24 min, which is extraordinarily long and can be regarded as a kind of contact mate guarding. Very large cloacal protuberances, testes and seminal glomera with a high number of sperm are male adaptations to intense sperm competition. Short breeding intervals, long brooding phases, short foraging flights and high feeding frequency as well as a lower growth rate of nestlings seem to be related to uniparental care by the female.

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