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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Quo vadis Sterna hirundo? Implications for the conservation of Common Tern in Germany
Auteurs :	Peter H. Becker, Auteur ; Stefan R. Sudmann, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (119(3-5) 1998)
Article en page(s) :	293-304
Résumé :	The results of a symposium on Common Term conservation held in Wilhelmshaven, Germany, in October 1997 are summarized. In 1996 about 8,500 pairs of Common Tern bred in Germany. The inland population has more than doubled since 1980. However, populations along the North and Baltic Sea coasts, after having been stable during the 1980s, decreased by about 50% during the last five years. At many sites increases of the inland population were due to various conservation measures: today about one half of the fresh- water breeders use rafts and artificial islands. Such man-made breeding sites, however, need regular maintenance and care to provide a suitable long-term nesting substrate. Among the many factors that have had a negative impact on Common Tern populations, the most important anthropogenic factor was habitat destruction along the rivers and coasts. In addition, environmental chemicals play a significant role even today, e.g. high PCB levels in eggs at the lower Rhine. But in general chemical contamination decreased during the 1990s. Human persecution in African wintering quarters is responsible for elevated mortality rates of subadults. Food availability and predation, in part also competition with gulls for nest sites, are important natural factors. Common Terns are prominent indicators of intact riverside ecosystems and suitable bioindicators to monitor the state of aquatic habitats with respect to chemical pollution and fish stocks. As island Common Tern colonies are dependent on management, they can be preserved in the long run only by re-establishing suitable habitats and by protection against human disturbance. Support may come from riverside development concepts in the context of highwater protection programs. Also on the coasts strategies have to be developed to promote dynamic processes and origination of new young dune areas on which Common Terns depend for breeding habitat.

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