| Titre : | The history of Cormorant fishing in Europe |
| Auteurs : | Marcus Beike, Auteur |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Vogelwelt (Die) (133(1) 2012) |
| Article en page(s) : | 1-21 |
| Résumé : | Beike, M. 2012: The history of Cormorant fishing in Europe. Vogelwelt 133: 1-21. Since the third century, Cormorants have been trained for fishing purposes in East Asia. From the mid-16th century onwards, such activities are also documented for Europe, but in contrast to the Asian origin Cormorant fishing was practiced as a leisure activity at the royal courts, during the 19th century also by the lower aristocracy. The earliest reliable source stems from SCALIGER (1557), reporting from Venice. In the early 17th century, cormorant fishing was intensified in England by King James I. From here it reached other European royal courts by presenting and trading trained birds. Outside England, only in France the "sport" was evidently practiced for a longer time, possibly with interruptions. Based on the analysed sources, the former, remarkably old assumption that cormorant fishing was brought to Europe by Dutch Jesuit missionaries, can not longer be considered as valid. After the end of the "first phase" - in England about 1700 and in France after 1736 - Cormorant fishing experienced a renaissance in Holland at the beginning of the 19th century, from where it came to England and once again to France before finally disappearing in West and Central Europe in 1890. A late source from Saratov (Russia) in the year 1912 suggests a longer local existence in eastern Europe.In Macedonia, the Cormorant was also used for fishing, but with a fundamentally different technique. This type of fishing is not related to the activities developed in the courts of nobility; it was operated for commercial purposes. |
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