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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Occurrence of the Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo) in mediterranean coastal woodlands: Wood size and vegetation affect patch occupation
Auteurs :	Luca Salvati, Auteur ; Alberto Manganaro, Auteur ; Lamberto Ranazzi, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Ornithologischer Anzeiger (40(2-3) Oktober, 2001)
Article en page(s) :	165-171
Résumé :	The Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo) occupies extended forests, fragmented woodlands, and forested uplands with the highest breeding density in central Europe. Low densities in coastal areas of southern Europe arise primarily through lack of suitable habitats or limited availability of nesting sites. In central Italy, Buzzards are generally more common in hilly woodlands than in lowland and coastal oak forests. Here, we provide a preliminary survey of Buzzards in dry oak woods of coastal Latium, assessing the influence of wood size, forest cover, and vegetation on the distribution of this raptor in 15 forest fragments of different size (mean+-SD=201+-241 ha, range 25-890), including pine (Pinus pinea) and thermophilous oak (especially Quercus ilex) woods, cork oak (Q. suber) woods, as well as mixed oak (especially Q. cerris and Q. frainetto) woods. Six (40%) forest fragments were occupied by at least one Buzzard breeding territory. By using the stepwise discriminant analysis, occupied and unoccupied woodlands were all discriminated based on the two landscape variables wood size and proportion of mesophilous oak cover. Based on the logistic regression analysis the predicted area of wood for which the probability of occupation reaches 100% is higher than 2.5 km2. Buzzards tend to avoid thermophilous forest stands, occupying only stands with mesophilous oaks. Mesophilous oaks tend to produce open forests, with higher trees and taller arbustive layer, probably, providing optimal nesting sites for large-sized raptors. The relationship between Buzzard density obtained from literature data and altitude of census plots in central Italy may confirm this hypothesis, with highest densities recorded in woods between 500 m and 700 m, where Q. cerris and Castanea sativa represent the dominant vegetation.

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