| Titre : | Tengmalm's Owl, Pygmy Owl & Co. - How do forest-dwelling owl species reactto a shifting habitat supply, altered by forestry? |
| Auteurs : | Wolfgang Scherzinger, Auteur |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Vogelwelt (Die) (125(3-4) 2004) |
| Article en page(s) : | 297-307 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Résumé : | Without any doubt forest-dwelling animals in Central Europe are part of the original fauna. Among the ten owl species, which live - at least optionally - in Germany, Pygmy Owl Glaucidium passerinum, Tengmahn\'s Owl Aegolius funereus and Ural Owl Strix nebulosa show the closest affinity to forests, whereas Tawny Owl Strix aluco and Long-eared Owl Asio otus, as well as Eagle Owl Bubo bubo, get on well with small tree stands or even single clusters of trees. Silviculture strongly selects on tree shape by eliminating odd growth forms of trees, but also diminishes the potential of development of dead and down wood by 50-90%. The commercial forest levels forest structures, and therefore differs from natural forest by e.g. a strikingly reduced supply of tree cavities (affecting Pygmy, Tengmalm\'s and Tawny Owls, locally also Ural Owl). Resulting from afforestation with coniferous trees (even at originally deciduous forest sites), the distribution of Pygmy and Tengmalm\'s Owls now extends to lower elevations. On the other hand, dark stands of coniferous trees reduce the supply of prey for Tawny and Ural Owls. The close-meshed system of forest roads causes fragmentation of woodland, supporting small territories in the Pygmy Owl, but simultaneously opening mountainous forests for Tawny Owl and Long-eared Owl even at higher altitudes. Up to now, forestry did not displace any owl species, but the present trend of replacing sylvicultural aims of multi-functionality by a pure economic orientation of forestry administration in some federal states of Germany runs at risk to reverse many positive developments of the last decades. |
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