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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Conservation of Corncrake Crex crex in the High Nature Value farmed landscapes of Transylvania: theory and practice (2016)
Auteurs :	Nathaniel Page, Auteur ; Razvan Popa, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwelt (Die) (136(2-3, Sp. Iss.) 2016)
Article en page(s) :	191-196
Résumé :	An important part of the EU27 Member States\' population of Corncrakes is estimated to breed in Romania, much of them in the highly varied mosaic semi-natural landscapes of Transylvania. Especially southeast Transylvania is a hotspot for Corncrakes. Until this year, there were no Corncrake-specific agri-environment schemes, in these High Nature Value (HNV) farmed landscapes. And yet these are the areas in Romania with the highest recorded populations of Corncrake, with no observed decrease in populations in spite of the lack of Corncrake-specific management requirements. These populations have prospered because of the continuation of small-scale land ownership and traditional land management. Hay-meadows are owned in small parcels and mowed at various times during the summer. Corncrake populations have thrived under this management for hundreds of years. The survival of Corncrake populations in such areas is strongly dependent on the survival of traditional land management. Agri-environment payments based on \'ideal\' Corncrake management may actually threaten Corncrake populations if the payments undermine the traditional rural economy. A broad view of species conservation, including socio-economic factors, is required for the landscape-scale species conservation challenges in Transylvania, and more widely in Central and Eastern Europe, where we are trying to prevent species and habitat losses; unlike in Western Europe, where the challenge is more often to reverse losses that have taken place in the past. The application of a Corncrake package at landscape scale cannot be justified technically. Owing to unsuitable design and targeting, a Corncrake package recently introduced in Romania may represent a threat to many species protected under the Birds and Habitats Directives, and even a threat to Corncrake habitats.

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