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Titre :	Decrease of European Pied Flycatchers due to climate change? (2002)
Auteurs :	Christiaan Both, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Limosa (75(2) 2002)
Article en page(s) :	73-78
Résumé :	In a recent contribution, Boele et al. (2001) analysed the Dutch Common Bird Census for population trends in European Pied Flycatchers. They showed a 65% decline in part of the country and suggested that this was due to climate change. However, within the region for which they claimed the decline, I show for nestbox populations that a negative trend in numbers is only apparent in rich deciduous forests, while populations in mixed and coniferous forests are generally thriving. Since European Pied Flycatchers in the Netherlands breed mostly in mixed and coniferous forests and a major part of the population breeds in nestboxes, these data suggest that the decline is less than pointed at by the Common Bird Census. The observed trend in the CBC may be a methodological consequence of climate change, because the time flycatchers take between arrival and nest building, i.e. when territorial behaviour is most pronounced, has declined, and as a consequence the method of territory mapping may have become less accurate. This does not mean that European Pied Flycatcher populations are not suffering from climate change at all. I suggest that the decline in deciduous forest may be due to the advancement of the short peak of food abundance in this habitat. Flycatchers have probably always bred on the downward slope of the food peak, and have not been able to anticipate on the advancement, because the timing of their spring arrival is an important constraint. In mixed and coniferous forests the food peaks are later and broader, and in this habitat part of the flycatchers used to breed before the food peak. In coniferous and mixed forests negative effects of climate change are not yet apparent, but a further increase in temperature will probably have a similar negative effect because the birds are likely to be constrained in their arrival time, while the food peak advances and will be outside their reach.

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