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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Ornithological research traditions in central Europe during the 19th and 20th centuries
Auteurs :	J. Haffer, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of Ornithology (142 JUN 2001)
Article en page(s) :	27-93
Langues:	Anglais
Résumé :	The 'Golden Age' of central European ornithology from 1820 to 1850 saw the appearance of the splendid works of Johann Friedrich Naumann, Christian Ludwig Brehm and Friedrich Faber who established a sound basis for the study of birds in this region and beyond. During the second half of the 19(th) century, many European researchers turned their attention to exotic ornithology because large bird collections arrived in Europe from many different parts of the world. During those decades, the study of European birds made only little progress (despite a major controversy on the instinctive versus purposive behaviour of birds which, however, did not stimulate any field research). The influence of Darwin's theory of evolution (1859) among central European ornithologists remained only slight until the end of the 19(th) century. From the 1920s onward, central European ornithology changed rapidly and general biological studies were emphasized over the earlier systematic-faunistic work (the "Stresemann revolution"). This paradigm change had a worldwide impact. It was soon recognized that the bird is a well suited subject for studies into the problems of functional morphology, physiology, behaviour and orientation. Ornithologists (Stresemann, Rensch, Mayr) made the decisive contributions to the biological species concept and to solving the problem of speciation.

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