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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Range size estimates of Bolivian endemic bird species revisited: the importance of environmental data and national expert knowledge
Auteurs :	Sebastian K. Herzog, Auteur ; Oswaldo Maillard Z, Auteur ; Dirk Embert, Auteur ; Patricia Caballero, Auteur ; Dennise Quiroga, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of Ornithology (153(4) OCT 2012)
Article en page(s) :	1189-1202
Langues:	Anglais
Résumé :	Accurate extent of occurrence (EOO) estimates are essential for reliable conservation assessments. Recent studies suggest that current EOO maps often significantly overestimate range sizes of birds, particularly for narrow-ranging, threatened and ecological specialist species. Such species may therefore be at danger of being falsely overlooked by conservation assessments. Using species distribution modeling combined with 'expert' review and according corrections of inductive models, we estimated historic range sizes of 15 Bolivian endemics, which were compared to BirdLife International's 2011 EOO estimates. The same comparisons were made for 65 additional species modeled by Young et al. (Auk 126:554-565, 2009) to corroborate the general validity of our results. Species distributions were modeled deductively for eight, with a hybrid approach for six and inductively for one species. For 67 % of Bolivian endemics, EOO estimates were 1.48-4.22 times larger than our estimates (1.75-4.33 larger for 89 % of the species in Young et al.). Overestimation can largely be attributed to inclusion of areas outside a species' elevational range and of portions of ecoregions or extensive habitat areas uninhabited by a species. For 33 % of Bolivian endemics (all threatened species), EOO estimates were 21.2-75.3 % smaller than our estimates (30.3-72.2 % smaller for 11 % of the species in Young et al.). This can partly be attributed to more sophisticated range size analyses for threatened species by BirdLife, differences between historic versus current range sizes, and overly conservative EOO estimates. EOO definition and estimates are in serious need of improvement. Exclusion of discontinuities within overall distributions of species needs to be applied rigorously at small spatial scales, using spatially explicit environmental data such as digital elevation models and ecosystem classifications. Incorporating national expert knowledge into range size estimation can be similarly important for reducing overestimation. We recommend prioritizing species with EOO estimates of

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