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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Social network analysis of wild chimpanzees provides insights for predicting infectious disease risk
Auteurs :	Julie Rushmore, Auteur ; Damien Caillaud, Auteur ; Leopold Matamba, Auteur ; Rebecca M. Stumpf, Auteur ; Stephen P. Borgatti, Auteur ; Sonia Altizer, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of Animal Ecology (82(5) SEP 2013)
Article en page(s) :	976-986
Résumé :	1. Heterogeneity in host association patterns can alter pathogen transmission and strategies for control. Great apes are highly social and endangered animals that have experienced substantial population declines from directly transmitted pathogens; as such, network approaches to quantify contact heterogeneity could be crucially important for predicting infection probability and outbreak size following pathogen introduction, especially owing to challenges in collecting real-time infection data for endangered wildlife. 2. We present here the first study using network analysis to quantify contact heterogeneity in wild apes, with applications for predicting community-wide infectious disease risk. Specifically, within a wild chimpanzee community, we ask how associations between individuals vary over time, and we identify traits of highly connected individuals that might contribute disproportionately to pathogen spread. 3. We used field observations of behavioural encounters in a habituated wild chimpanzee community in Kibale National Park, Uganda to construct monthly party level (i.e. subgroup) and close-contact (i.e.

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