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Résumé :
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Numbers of divers, grebes and seaducks were counted in the Moray Firth during six consecutive winters between 1998/99 and 2003/04, and compared with earlier surveys. Common Scoter Melanitta nigra, Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyentails and Eider Somateria mollissima were the most abundant species, accounting for over 70% of all birds counted. When maximum winter numbers during the study period were compared with published data for earlier years, declines in numbers were apparent for Goosander Mergus merganser, Long-tailed Duck and Eider since the early 1980s, and for Red-breasted Merganser M. serrator since the late 1980s. Counts of Goldeneye Bucephala clangula have increased since the early 1980s and those of Scaup, Common Scoter and Velvet Scoter M. fusca since the late 1980s. There were considerable changes in the distribution of several species within the Moray Firth, probably in response to changes in the food supply attributed to improvements to sewage and distillery discharges and to associated declines in fish and Blue Mussel Mytilus edulis populations. The Moray Firth supports internationally important numbers of two species (Great Northern Diver Gavia immer and Slavonian Grebe Podiceps auritus) and is nationally important for 10 other diver, grebe and seaduck species. The area supports the largest numbers of wintering Long-tailed Duck and the second largest numbers of Great Northern Diver, Red-throated Diver G. stellata, Slavonian Grebe, Common Scoter,Velvet Scoter and Goldeneye in Britain.
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