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Résumé :
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The loss of biodiversity is a much-discussed issue. Due to climate change and anthropogenic influence, the earth is confronted with the event of mass extinction. Species and nature conservation gain consequently more in relevance and necessity. This study establishes the population structure, spread and genetic variation of the endangered damselfly Lestes macrostigma. Based on markers of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I, the analyses of 164 individuals from 31 different sample sites and ten different countries display the relevance of habitat quality and connectivity for genetic diversity. Furthermore, the results reveal the genetic impoverishment of the Dark Spreadwing and it geographical distribution pattern. Besides, two mitochondrial DNA markers (barcodeC01 and OdoC01) and one nuclear ribosomal DNA marker were compared to each other. Consulting the comparison of the three different markers, this study illustrates: (i) an east-west clustering of the generated haplotypes, (ii) that geographical barriers have more impact on gene flow than geographical distances, exclusively, (iii) that the combination of the barcodeC01 and OdoC01 presents higher resolution than one marker per se and (iv) that character-based barcoding allows to identify the geographical locations or clusters of haplotypes. Since the decreasing trend of population size, further research on lestes macrostigma is highly recommended.
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