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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Increasing avian pox prevalence varies by species, and with immune function, in Galapagos finches
Auteurs :	Maxine Zylberberg, Auteur ; Kelly A. Lee, Auteur ; Kirk C. Klasing, Auteur ; Martin Wikelski, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Biological Conservation (153 SEP 2012)
Article en page(s) :	72-79
Langues:	Anglais
Résumé :	Avian pox virus (APV), a pathogen implicated as a major factor in avian declines and extinctions in Hawaii, was introduced to the Galapagos in the late 1890s. While APV is thought to have increased in prevalence in recent years, no study has carefully evaluated the threat this pathogen poses to the Galapagos avifauna. In this paper, we examine the course of the APV epidemic in seven species of Galapagos finch on Santa Cruz Island (Geospiza fuliginosa, G. fortis, G. magnirostris, G. scandens, Camarhynchus parvulus, Cactospiza pallida, and Certhidea olivacea). We describe temporal changes in the prevalence of the avian pox disease (AP) caused by APV and the proportion of individuals that have recovered from AP from 2000 to 2009. Then we examine species differences in susceptibility to AP and how this variation correlates with differences in innate immune function. We show that AP prevalence has increased dramatically from 2000 to 2009. However, this increase in prevalence varied by species; specifically, we found that prevalence increased rapidly in G. fuliginosa, C. parvulus, G. scandens, and C. olivacea, but not at all in G. fortis. Furthermore, innate immune function varies between years and species, and this variation correlates with increased prevalence and species variation in susceptibility to APV. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate significant interannual variation in innate immune function in wild birds, and to show that this immune variation correlates with susceptibility to an introduced disease. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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