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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Population development of breeding birds on S Faeroe Islands, 1961-2001.
Auteurs :	Ivan Olsen, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Dansk Ornitologisk Forenings Tidsskrift (97(2) 2003)
Article en page(s) :	199-209
Langues:	Anglais
Résumé :	The author counted breeding birds on the island of Skuvoy, Faeroes, in July 2001 and compared the results with population estimates from 1961 (Joensen 1963) and 1981 (N. Rattenborg and J. Regnell unpubl. data). In censusing the interior parts of the island transect lines 100-200 m apart were used and bird records plotted on a map; in this work I got assistance from Soren Sorensen. For Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis and Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla nest densities were surveyed along the cliffs from a boat whereafter a suitable strech of coast was selected and counted. Numbers for the entire island were obtained by extrapolation. The population of Guillemot Uria aalge was estimated using numbers from the cliff Hovdin, provided by B. Olsen. The Blackbird Turdus merula is a recent immigrant to Skuvoy where it seems to have been established as a breeding bird since 1982-1992. Decreasing species include Raven Corvus corax and Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis, the latter now on the verge of disappearing from the island. Dunlin Calidris alpina and House Sparrow Passer domesticus have increased since 1961. The House Sparrow only breeds at the village; the population was stable at about ten pairs between 1961-1981 but has subsequently doubled. Other inland birds, such as shorebirds and Great Skua Stercorarius skua, have changed little since 1961. Among the seabirds, the population of Fulmar has remained stable - a marked increase as seen in many other localities in the North Atlantic may have been precluded by the taking of eggs and young birds for human consumption. Other seabird species that will not usually benefit from discards from fisheries, and which are sensitive to over-fishing of prey species, have declined. Some of these species are important in the daily housekeeping on the island and catches may have exceeded sustainable levels. A severe decline since 1961 is thus suggested for the Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus from annual catch numbers, and moderate to strong declines are also seen in Eider Somateria mollissima, Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus, Herring Gull Larus argentatus, Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus, Kittiwake, Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea, Guillemot, and according to catch totals also Puffin Fratercula arctica. However, the Kittiwake population appears to have increased somewhat since the mid 1980s, and perhaps for this reason Arctic Skua numbers were higher in 2001 than in 1981. The Guillemot population has now stabilized after a period of rapid decline - since 1990 it may actually have been increasing and now seems to be on a level with the population of 1987.

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