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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Time allocation in Greenland high-arctic waders during summer
Auteurs :	Hans Meltofte, Auteur ; Dorthe Prip Lahrmann, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Dansk Ornitologisk Forenings Tidsskrift (100(2) 2006)
Article en page(s) :	75-87
Langues:	Anglais
Résumé :	During the summer of 2000, a preliminary study on time allocation in four arctic wader species (Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula, Sanderling Calidris alba, Dunlin C. alpina, Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres) was conducted at Zackenberg Research Station in high-arctic Northeast Greenland. We scored behaviour of non-disturbed, but not individually recognisable birds in typical habitats. With few exceptions, non-incubating birds (i.e. birds not sitting on eggs) used more than half their daytime for feeding, and during the pre- and post-breeding periods, when waders build up body stores, as much as 75-92% of the daytime was spent feeding. The lowest scores on feeding were obtained at night and in single, non-incubating Ruddy Turnstones and Dunlins on territories (e.g. off-duty breeders), which fed for only 39% and 56% of their time, respectively. Feather care accounted for up to about 21% during breeding proper, but very little during pre- and post-breeding. Conversely, the birds hardly rested during their stay on the territories as opposite to a noticeable part (up to 17%) of the day especially during pre-breeding in most of the species. During young attendance (only studied in Dunlin), 75% of the time was used on resting, being alert, and preening. During post-breeding, much time was used flying, particularly in Dunlins (17%). Aggressive behaviour was not observed among pre-breeding birds and only occasionally during post-breeding, but territorial behaviour is common early in the breeding season. Soil and pitfall trap samples of invertebrates showed that spiders and dipteran imagos and larvae most likely made up the bulk of wader food on the tundra during the summer, and that spiders were unusually numerous during spring 2000. During post-breeding fattening on coastal mudflats, crustaceans may have been most important. 2000 was a year of little snow-cover in early June (54% on 10 June against about 80% in most years), and waders may not have been time-constrained in their feeding. This may be very different in years of much snow, when the pre-breeding period may pose a bottleneck in the annual cycle of arctic waders. During July and August, food for the adults seems to be plentiful.

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