| Titre : | The role of species limits and biology in the conservation of African hornbills |
| Auteurs : | A. C. Kemp, Auteur |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Ostrich (No number JUL 2001) |
| Article en page(s) : | 200-204 |
| Langues: | Anglais |
| Résumé : | Twenty-three species of African hornbill (Bucerotiformes) are recognised under the present conservative taxonomy, divided among three genera and subdivided into 13 subspecies. Only one species (Yellow-casqued Wattled Hornbill Ceratogymna elata) and one subspecies (Brown-cheeked Hornbill C. c. cylindricus) are classed as 'near threatened'. Both of these populations occupy West African rainforest. However, a review of this taxonomy and insights offered by new genetic evidence suggest that African hornbills should be further divided into at least three additional genera, seven new species and nine new subspecies, with important conservation implications. Several of the newly proposed taxa exist as relatively small populations within restricted ranges, while other species are large birds that, despite their wide range, occur naturally only at low densities. Local extinctions have also reduced some populations to patchy and fragmented distributions. Further genetic studies are necessary to assess the taxonomy, viability and meta-population structure of those populations with disjunct ranges. Range fragmentation also has important ecological consequences, especially where frugivorous hornbills become the last surviving large animals that are capable of seed dispersal for forest trees. Conservation management of hornbills is still underdeveloped. Projects exist that employ modified or artificial nest cavities, that make genetic studies of populations at both the taxonomic and meta-population levels, and that use innovative approaches to harvest and reintroduce redundant chicks. These offer some possible approaches to hornbill conservation. |
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