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Titre :	[Aspects of the breeding biology and phenology of the Starling Sturnus vulgaris in SW Jutland, Denmark.]
Auteurs :	Peder V. Thellesen, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Dansk Ornitologisk Forenings Tidsskrift (96(2) 2002)
Article en page(s) :	75-82
Langues:	Anglais
Résumé :	During 1971-1998, a total of 8780 nestling Starlings were ringed in the county of Ribe, SW Jutland, most of them in Hjortkaer (77% of the broods). In the same period, 392 full-grown Starlings (21 juv., 371 ad.) were ringed, and 327 of them, as well as 93 nestlings subsequently recaptured as adults, were supplied with an individual combination of three colour rings. Apart from 201 found at or near the ringing site in the same year, 174 of the nestlings have subsequently been recovered from Denmark (20) or abroad (39), or controlled near the ringing site after one or more winters (116), as have 213 of those ringed as full-grown. Of the 420 colour-ringed birds, 261 have been seen at later occasions, the total number of controls being 1891. Young from small broods tend to survive better than young from large broods (Fig. 1). Most nestlings returning to the study area were two or three years old when first resighted (Fig. 2), reflecting that Starlings rarely breed in their first year. The phenology of the Starlings at the breeding ground is shown in Fig. 6, based on 1814 readings and recoveries of 279 birds known to have bred at least once in the study area. The breeders start returning in February, 10-12 weeks before laying. During incubation in early May they behave rather inconspicuously, and after fledging the Starlings soon disappear from the area to moult elsewhere. The small peak in July is due to the occurrence of late broods, and controls show that these late clutches are often genuine 2nd-clutches. In September-October, before the autumn migration, Starlings are again seen in the breeding area, sometimes sitting (and singing) on or near nest boxes, especially on sunny mornings. The frequent readings of colour-ringed birds in these months show that many of the visiting birds are local breeders. Starlings may use the same nest as in the previous year or another nest nearby (Fig. 4), usually with a new mate, even though the previous mate is still alive and present in the area (Fig. 5). Only twice during the study has a reunion of a pair from the previous season been recorded. Polygynous breeding occurs occasionally, and in one case the females used the same nest box: 10 young were fed by two females and one male.

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