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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Distribution and abundance of African waterfowl: examples from the African Waterfowl census
Auteurs :	T. Dodman, Auteur ; P. Rose, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Ostrich (71(1-2) MAR 2000)
Article en page(s) :	235-243
Langues:	Anglais
Résumé :	Wetlands International co-ordinates waterfowl counts in Africa. Counts from 1958-1990 were analysed in 1991, when the African Waterfowl Census (AfWC) was also launched. By 1996, 25 countries were participating. This preliminary appraisal of the AfWC shows that resulting data can be used to identify distribution and abundance patterns, although there are still significant gaps in AfWC coverage and focus. The degree to which AfWC data may be used to assess the conservation status of African waterfowl populations depends on a function of data quality, quantity and reliability. To enable this practical use of data, several priorities for future work are identified, based on the strengths and weaknesses of the current information: (1) simultaneous coordinated counts, (2) regular annual or biannual monitoring of the same sites, (3) development of priority list of sites for regular survey, (4) frequent monitoring of particularly important sites (e.g. every three months), (5) building waterbird surveys into broader programmes of ecological monitoring, (6) planning of special internationally co-ordinated surveys, (7) planning regular complete surveys in major wetlands, e.g. every five years, and (8) extending the AfWC to other taxa and broader surveys of wetland use by man. In Africa, 522 discrete waterbird populations have been identified. Over half the populations for which trends have been established are in decline. Results from a recent atlas of Anatidae are illustrated by the Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor, for which three discrete populations and 21 key sites are identified. Wetlands are the most important habitats for waterbirds. Many species (e.g. Grey Heron Ardea cinerea) exploit a variety of wetland types and are geographically widespread; those with special habitat requirements (e.g. Blue-winged Goose Cyanochen cyanopterus) often have restricted ranges. Hartlaub's Duck Pteronetta hartlaubi is one of the few waterbirds specific to the tropical forest biome. The movements of Abdim's Stork Ciconia abdimii in southern Africa show a clear response to rainfall.

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