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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Helophyte zonation in two regulated estuarine areas in the Netherlands: Vegetation analysis and relationships with hydrological factors
Auteurs :	H. Coops, Auteur ; N. Geilen, Auteur ; G. Van Der Velde, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Estuaries (22(3A) SEP 1999)
Article en page(s) :	657-668
Résumé :	The relationship between hydrological conditions and riparian helophyte vegetation was studied in two freshwater estuaries that differed in tidal regulation in order to assess the effects of large-scale hydrological regulation on the fringe vegetation. Vegetation and environmental variables were sampled for 206 sites in the Rhine-Meuse estuary (146 sites) and the IJsselmeer region (60 sites) in the Netherlands, These samples were classified into 10 vegetation types, all of which were dominated by tall helophytes. The most common vegetation types were dominated by Phragmites australis and Typha angustifolia, which formed both monospecific stands and mixtures. Tall Cyperaceae dominated three vegetation types (dominated individually by Schoenoplectus lacustris, Bolboschoenus maritimus, and Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani). The remaining sites were dominated by other helophyte species, such as Phalaris arundinacea, Carex acuta, and Annus calamus. Principal components analysis of the species composition of vegetation fringing open-water areas and associated environmental data revealed complex gradients incorporating differences in water depth, water-level fluctuation, wave exposure, and sedimentation and/or erosion. The composition of the helophyte belts varied among the areas as the result of the differing times at which regulation occurred. Based on historical data, hydrological regulation of the estuaries has resulted in deterioration of intertidal Schoenoplectus and Bolboschoenus stands, due to erosion and predation. P. australis stands have been invaded by terrestrial plant species or have been replaced by T. angustifolia. A scheme is presented of helophyte vegetation development under the influence of changes in the hydrological regime.

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