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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Comparison of fish and macroinvertebrate use of Typha angustifolia, Phragmites australis, and treated Phragmites marshes along the lower Connecticut River
Auteurs :	P. E. Fell, Auteur ; R. S. Warren, Auteur ; J. K. Light, Auteur ; R. L. Rawson, Auteur ; S. M. Fairley, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Estuaries (26(2B) APR 2003)
Article en page(s) :	534-551
Résumé :	Since 1965 large areas of lower Connecticut River tidelands have been converted from high diversity brackish meadow and Typha angustifolia marsh to near monocultures of Phragmites australis. This study addresses the impact of Phragmites invasion on fish and crustacean use of oligohaline high marsh. During spring tides from early June through early September 2000, fishes and crustaceans leaving flooded marsh along 3 km of the Lieutenant River, a lower Connecticut River tributary, were captured with Breder traps at 90 sites, equally distributed among Phragmites, Typha, and treated (herbicide and mowing) Phragmites areas. Pit traps, 18 per vegetation type in 2000 and 30 each in Phragmites and Typha in 2001, caught larvae and juveniles at distances of up to 30 m into the marsh interior. There were no significant differences in fish species compositions or abundances among the vegetation types. Size distributions, size specific biomasses, and diets of Fundulus heteroclitus, the numerically dominant fish, were also similar. The shrimp Palaemovetes pugio was more abundant in Phragmites than in other types of vegetation, whereas the fiddler crab Uca minax was least numerous in Phragmites. Mean numbers of E heteroclitus and P pugio caught per site event were positively correlated with increasing site hydroperiod. Significantly more F heteroclitus were captured along the upper reach of the river where marsh elevations were lower than farther downstream. More E heteroclitus and fewer P pugio and U. minax were captured during the day than at night. A relatively small number of larval and juvenile Fundulus sp. were captured in pit traps, but consistently fewer in Phragmites than in Typha, suggesting that Typha and brackish meadow marshes may provide better nursery habitat. Vegetation was sampled along a 30 m transect at each trap site in 2000. Plant species diversity was greatest in treated Phragmites areas and lowest in Phragmites sites.

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