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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	The changing status of the breeding birds of the Camargue (southern France) during the 20th century (2012)
Auteurs :	Paul Isenmann, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Alauda (80(1) janvier 1, 2012)
Article en page(s) :	241-266
Résumé :	The Camargue (or Rhone delta) has been since the 19th century a man-controlled area. However, it remains one of the best preserved large deltas in the Mediterranean area. It includes since 1930 a well-known national botanical and zoological reserve and, since 1954 a research station, the Tour du Valat, that plays an active role in promoting scientific research and conservation action. In 1970 the Rhone delta even became a Natural Regional Park aimed at monitoring its human, agricultural and ecological development. The Camargue is well known for its birds particularly its breeding colonial waterbirds. The total number of breeding species increased from 104 species in 1938 to 117 species in 2000. The colonial waterbirds (ciconiiformes, flamingos and to a lesser extent gulls, terns and avocets) have increased in numbers. Among them several new species appeared (Bubulcus ibis, Casmerodius albus, Plegadis falcinellus, Platalea leucorodia, Larus melanocephalus, Chroicocephalus genei, Larus michahellis, Sterna sandvicensis). Other species became new breeding species (Cygnus olor, Anser anser, Netta rufina, Phalacrocorax carbo, Ciconia ciconia, Porphyrio porphyrio, Columba palumbus, Streptopelia decaocto, Clamator glandarius, Sturnus vulgaris...) or increased in numbers (Tadorna tardorna, Glareola pratincola, Coracias garrulus...). Only a few species declined or disappeared (Chlidonias hybrida, Ftemiz pendulinus, Lanius meridionalis...). Several man-induced factors played a major role in this overall dynamic (stabilized water levels, new feeding habitats, water eutrophication) but better protection action and more effective consideration of wetlands intervened as well. Although the present evaluation is globally positive, supervision and vigilance are still needed to ensure the future. This paper is dedicated to Luc HOFFMANN whose contribution to the conservation of the Camargue has been, and remains, crucial.

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