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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	The behavioural response of Great Tits to novel environment and handling is affected by the DRD4 gene (2019)
Auteurs :	Killu Timm, Auteur ; Marko Magi, Auteur ; Kaisa Telve, Auteur ; Vallo Tilgar, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Ibis (161(1) January, 2019)
Article en page(s) :	91-100
Résumé :	Studies have provided inconsistent evidence regarding the effects on behaviour of nucleotide polymorphism at the DRD4 gene. For instance, the DRD4 gene affects exploratory behaviour in some bird species and populations but not in others. Our earlier experiment with a wild Great Tit Parus major population revealed an important impact of the DRD4 gene on behavioural variation during the breeding season. The aim of this study was to clarify these results by measuring individual behavioural differences (exploration and anxiety) in Great Tits under controlled conditions before the beginning of egg-laying in order to exclude the potential impacts of breeding (egg-laying, motivation to feed nestlings, the potential effect of a partner) and the natural environment (e.g. the presence of predators). Birds were caught from their natural habitat and their behaviour was tested in a trial room the following morning. Individuals with the CT heterozygous genotype (SNP830) performed more actively in different contexts (visiting a novel object in the trial room and vocal behaviour during handling) compared with homozygotes, and the relationships were consistent in males and females. In light of the results from our previous study (heterozygous males, but not females, had a shorter latency to feed nestlings than CC homozygotes), we conclude that the same DRD4 gene variants affect behavioural responses in a controlled environment and wild contexts in the same directions, but that these relationships are not sex-specific under standardized conditions.

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