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Titre :	Contribution on the winter bird life of Libya (2009)
Auteurs :	Jens Hering, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwarte (47(1) FEB 2009)
Article en page(s) :	5-22
Langues:	Allemand
Résumé :	During a trip to Libya from 25.12.2007 to 15.1.2008, which concentrated on visits to sites in Fezzan, a total of 96 bird species were recorded of which 76 are discussed in more detail in this article. The article is concerned with evaluation of observations on which there is either no or only sparse information in the relevant literature. A table contains details of first records, maximum numbers etc. for Libya or Fezzan respectively.The results clearly show that parts of the country are of great importance as passage and winter quarters for several European bird species, a fact not previously recognised. Above all, the water bodies and wetlands in the Fezzan oases, which lie in the east central Sahara, offer good rest and wintering conditions for water birds and are still today an underestimated habitat on the migration route of palaearctic bird species. In addition to the strongly anthropogenic character of the human settled oases, isolated in the open desert, the crater oasis Wau an Namus with its salt lakes appear to have a special significance in this context. A numerous flock of Black-necked Grebe, which in such large numbers had not before been observed in the Sahara, deserves special mention. In addition the first record of Garganey for the Fezzan region, several calling Water Rail, and probably the largest wintering population of Common Coot in the Libyan Desert are remarkable. The extensive beds of Phragmites are also of importance as winter quarters for various passerines. The most common species were Chiffchaff, Bluethroat and Sardinian Warbler.A further surprise was the observation of 650-700 White Stork and 130 Common Kestrel on the circular agricultural areas near Maknusa. Such large concentrations in North Africa in winter for these species have not previously been recorded. It is assumed that a wintering area for large numbers of White Stork individuals has become established here in the Central Sahara which has to date remained undiscovered. This record is possibly an indication of the increasing number of short-distance migrants among some of the trans-Sahara migrating bird species. Other species can also be expected to winter here in large numbers as was demonstrated, amongst other examples, by a sighting of 100-120 Red-throated Pipits. Several wetlands in the Fezzan oases were also monitored, and the importance of these as wintering area for various water bird species can only be conjectured. This is indicated for example by not only the record of at least 60 Common Snipe and many calling Water Rail near Bergin, which are new record numbers for Libya, but also a series of first winter records of various wader species for the Fezzan region and the presence of Reed Warbler and Bluethroat. Finally, the need to catch up on special field studies on the passage and rest of palaearctic migrant bird species in the Libyan Sahara is discussed. Of particular importance is the mapping of the most important ornithological areas. Above all conservation efforts must not be ignored as many of the oasis habitats, in particular the freshwater areas and their vegetation, are gravely threatened by dumping of rubbish and other material.

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