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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Habitat structures and population dynamic parameters of a population of the Rock Bunting (Emberiza cia): Useful information for future Rock Bunting managing concepts (2011)
Auteurs :	Ingolf Schuphan, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwarte (49(2) MAY 2011)
Article en page(s) :	65-74
Langues:	Allemand
Résumé :	Schuphan 1 2011: Habitat structures and population dynamic parameters of a population of the Rock Bunting (Emberiza cia): Useful information for future Rock Bunting managing concepts. Vogelwarte 49: 65-74Results of a long-term study (10 years) on the population dynamics of the Rock Bunting Emberiza cia L. in a steep vineyard terrace habitat at the Middle Rhine, Germany (Schuphan 1972) were compared with results from studies (8 years) in steep spruce clearance habitats of the east hillside of the Palatine Forest (Pfalzerwald, Germany; Groh 1988) and natural steep rock steppes in the Wallis (Rhone area, Switzerland; Keusch 1991). The aim was to detect habitat differences and habitat dependent influence on population dynamic parameters of these geographically separated Rock Bunting populations.At the Rhine 618 mainly colour ringed Rock Buntings contributed to the results, in the Palatine Forest 157 and at the Rhone 993 Rock Buntings.Large differences between the habitats (vineyards, forest clearances, rock steppes) were obvious as well between the sizes of the territories. These were given at the Rhine and the Palatine Forest by topographical natural borders, in contrast to the Wallis where borders were much more flexible. The differences in size were predetermined in the case of the Palatine Forest by the sizes of the clearances, in the case of the Wallis territories obviously by limitation of initial lepidopteran food supply in spring. The small territories at the Rhine were directly affiliated with high food availability which caused a higher population density. Especially the age structure of the populations showed up considerable differences between Rhine and Wallis, for the Palatine forest no data were present. The optimal food supply, together with year round mild weather conditions affected positively the population at the Rhine. Following the first year 69% of the male (female 49 %) and than in the second year 42% (female 23%) of the primarily existing territory residents (100%) returned. Return quotes in the Wallis were 39% for the male (female 27%) and in the next following year for the male 16.7%. From the demographic distribution pattern resulted for the Rhine population over 10 years a mean age for the male of 2.6 years (n = 103) and for the female of 2.0 years (n = 101); in the Wallis the mean age was determined for 3 breeding periods each for the first period 1.3 years for the male (n = 16), second and third period each 1.7 years (n = 9 and n = 13). About one third of the breeding birds remained at the Rhine during winter in their mild breeding habitat. The rough Palatine hillsides were vacated completely. In the Wallis all breeding birds left the breeding territories. Five abroad recoveries of Rock Buntings from the Middle Rhine (autumn-winter) point all in the direction SW; leading lines could be the Nahe-Moselle valleys. The most faraway recovery was realized near Biarritz (1020 km, West-France).The extinction of the Palatine population after 1990 could obviously be attributed to reforestation and the restrictions for new forest clearances. Rock Buntings in populations adapted to mountain areas like in the Wallis, Black Forest and Palatine Forest, did not colonize their neighbor steep vineyard habitats e.g. in the Alsace and the Palatine Weinstrasse, even these habitats show the typical properties of the Rock Bunting habitats like at the Middle Rhine, Nahe, Moselle, and Ahr. These different preferences of habitat structures must be considered when a well directed advancement of the Rock Bunting in management plans is intended.

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