| Titre : | Breeding biology and population density of the tree sparrow (Passer montanus) in the middle foreland of the Swabian Alps. |
| Auteurs : | Holger Reyher, Auteur |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | Vogelwarte (42(3) Februar 2004) |
| Article en page(s) : | 203-212 |
| Langues: | Allemand |
| Résumé : | In a study area in Southwestern Germany between 1989 and 2000 breeding biology and population density of field sparrows were studied. The field sparrow is regarded to be a common breeder in the study area and reaches its height in mixed orchard and meadow areas ("Streuobstwiesen") with a density of 26.9 breeding pairs per 10 ha. This density has increased during study period. Besides increasing intensity of agriculture and the damage of mixed orchard and meadow areas as well as hedges, bottlenecks in food supply during autumn and winter months are among the fundamental reasons for the endangering of the species. The first breeding period lies between pentade 22 and 27 (inclusive; end of April to mid/end of May), second broods lied between pentade 30 and 35 (inclusive; end of May to mid/end of June), and third broods lied between pentade 36 an 41 (inclusive; end of June to mid July). Breeding season lasted 112 to 124 days, mean clutch size was 5.2 eggs per clutch, mean hatching rate was 58.4%, although with a clearly negative trend since the beginning of the study. The breeding success vacillated from year to year sometimes considerably and was in the middle range of 49.5%, also with a significant negative tendency. Juveniles of second broods. show with 89.3% highest chances to reach the fledglings age. No connection was proven between the rainfall and the average temperature during the months of breeding and the breeding success. |
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