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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Phenology of the "visible bird migration" across the German Bight (2010)
Auteurs :	Kathrin Hueppop, Auteur ; Jochen Dierschke, Auteur ; Volker Dierschke, Auteur ; Reinhold Hill, Auteur ; Klaas Felix Jachmann, Auteur ; Ommo Hueppop, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vogelwarte (48(3) AUG 2010)
Article en page(s) :	181-267
Langues:	Allemand
Résumé :	Within a project supported by the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety dealing with possible consequences of offshore wind farms on bird migration observations of migrating birds were carried out on three islands in the German Bight, Sylt, Helgoland and Wangerooge, from autumn 2003 to the end of 2006. With "seawatching" the migration of mostly larger species (waterbirds in the broadest sense) over the sea was recorded and "islandwatching" concentrated on the migration of smaller species (mostly passerines) over land (islands in this case). The particular goal of this study is the synoptic observation at three locations at least during the migration periods.Apart from some exceptions, at all three sites seawatching showed the highest migration intensity in the morning hours, much less migration occurred at midday and in the evening. Varying proportions of species are mainly caused by the different breeding and staging/wintering areas, whereby the three sites are touched by the birds to a greater or lesser extent. This phenomenon is most obvious in geese.With seawatching in the first three hours after sunrise a total of 185 species was recorded (154 near Sylt, 137 near Helgoland and 148 near Wangerooge). For 23 species, which were abundant or are regarded to be critical concerning effects of offshore wind turbines, the seasonal and daily patterns of migration intensity are described and shown in graphs, diurnal variation of migration intensity for 15 species and flock size for 11 species. In many species, migration was more intense near Sylt in autumn and near Wangerooge in spring, whereas a more balanced relation of the two migration periods was typical for Helgoland. During both seasons the daily migration intensity of the three sites was highly significantly correlated. That holds true for the overall picture of all species as well as for the migration intensities of many particular species. Due to the geographical locations of the breeding and wintering areas of most species, a general direction of migration along a SW-NE-axis can be expected. However, the results of seawatching could prove this only for Helgoland. Near Sylt and Wangerooge, most birds followed the coastline, i.e. they migrated along a S-N-axis and W-E-axis, respectively.With islandwatching in the first three hours after sunrise a total of 189 species was observed (165 above Sylt, 133 above Helgoland and 161 above Wangerooge). Phenology are described and presented graphically for 23 relatively abundant species, flock size for

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