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Article
Corey J. A. Bradshaw, Auteur ; Paul R. Ehrlich, Auteur ; Andrew Beattie, Auteur ; Gerardo Ceballos, Auteur ; Eileen Crist, Auteur ; Joan Diamond, Auteur ; Rodolfo Dirzo, Auteur ; Anne H. Ehrlich, Auteur ; John Harte, Auteur ; Mary Ellen Harte, Auteur ; Graham Pyke, Auteur ; Peter H. Raven, Auteur ; William J. Ripple, Auteur ; Frédérik Saltré, Auteur ; Christine Turnbull, Auteur ; Mathis Wackernagel, Auteur ; Daniel T. Blumstein, AuteurWe report three major and confronting environmental issues that have received little attention and require urgent action. First, we review the evidence that future environmental conditions will be far more dangerous than currently believed. The [...]
Article
James S. Albert, Auteur ; Georgia Destouni, Auteur ; Scott M. Duke-Sylvester, Auteur ; Anne E. Magurran, Auteur ; Thierry Oberdorff, Auteur ; Roberto E. Reis, Auteur ; Kirk O. Winemiller, Auteur ; William J. Ripple, AuteurFreshwater ecosystems provide irreplaceable services for both nature and society. The quality and quantity of freshwater affect biogeochemical processes and ecological dynamics that determine biodiversity, ecosystem productivity, and human healt[...]
Article
Robert L. Beschta, Auteur ; William J. Ripple, AuteurLarge predators potentially can help shape the structure and functioning of terrestrial ecosystems, yet strong evidence of top-down herbivore limitation has not been widely reported in the scientific literature. Herein we synthesize outcomes of [...]
Article
William J. Ripple, Auteur ; Robert L. Beschta, AuteurThe strength of top-down forces in terrestrial food webs is highly debated as there are few examples illustrating the role of large mammalian carnivores in structuring biotic and abiotic systems. Based on the results of this study we hypothesize[...]
Article
Adrian D. Manning, Auteur ; Iain J. Gordon, Auteur ; William J. Ripple, AuteurThe absence of an organism from a landscape for a long time can be a major barrier to the restoration of that species due to factors such as environmental conditions changing since extinction. This can make it difficult to assess the feasibility[...]
Article
William J. Ripple, Auteur ; Robert L. Beschta, AuteurWolves (Canis lupus) were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park in 1995-1996. We present data on a recent trophic cascade involving wolves, elk (Cervus elaphus), and aspen (Populus tremuloides) in Yellowstone's northern winter range that doc[...]
Article
Robert L. Beschta, Auteur ; William J. Ripple, AuteurDuring the seven decades of gray wolf (Canis lupus) absence in Yellowstone National Park intensive browsing by Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) suppressed the growth of young deciduous woody plants within the park's northern ungulate winter r[...]
Article
William J. Ripple, Auteur ; Robert L. Beschta, AuteurUsing a historical reconstruction, we discovered a potential trophic cascade involving cougar (Puma concolor), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and California black oak (Quercus kelloggii) in the Yosemite Valley of Yosemite National Park in Cali[...]
Article
William J. Ripple, Auteur ; Robert L. Beschta, AuteurThe 1995/1996 reintroduction of gray wolves (Canis lupus) into Yellowstone National Park after a 70 year absence has allowed for studies of tri-trophic cascades involving wolves, elk (Cervus elaphus), and plant species such as aspen (Populus tre[...]
Article
William J. Ripple, Auteur ; Aaron J. Wirsing, Auteur ; Christopher C. Wilmers, Auteur ; Mike Letnic, AuteurHerein, we posit a link between the ecological extinction of wolves in the American West and the expansion in distribution, increased abundance, and inflated ecological influence of coyotes. We investigate the hypothesis that the release of this[...]
