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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	A 8,000-year record of palaeohydrology and environmental change in fluvial-influenced sediments from Arles-Piton core, upper Rhône Delta, France (2005)
Auteurs :	Arnaud-Fassetta Gilles ; Bruneton Hélène ; Jean-François Berger ; Beaudouin Célia ; Xavier Boës ; Provansal Mireille
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie (49 December, 2005)
Article en page(s) :	455-484
Note générale :	Comprend une carte de l'évolution du littoral de la Camargue depuis le paléolitique (p20)
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés :	Rhône ; Camargue ; delta ; Hydrologie ; Histoire ; Fleuve ; Zone littorale ; Sédiment ; alluvion
Résumé :	This paper presents new data on Holocene palaeohydrology and environmental history of the Rhône Delta. Derived from integrated study of a 18.3 m Arles-Piton core drilled immediately to the south of the present delta apex, sediments were investigated for sedimentology, micropalaeontology, palynology, magnetic susceptibility and microcharcoal contents. 14C dates, archaeological/historical data and palyno-correlation provided chrono-stratigraphic control. Sedimentary and micropalaeontological analyses show the following palaeoenvironmental succession: the top of a distributary-channel infilling (before 6157-5843 BC), doubtless very close to the palaeocoastline; a brackish- or freshwater swamp (5719-5530/4796-4463 BC) partially disconnected from the Rhône channel; a distal flood plain in which phenomenon of rapid aggradation is linked to abundant flood supplies of the Rhône River; a high-energy palaeochannel (4796-4463/2900-2503 BC) with a gravel-sand material load; a proximal flood plain (2900-2503 BC/AD 270-290) in which pedosedimentary processes and occupation levels indicate discontinuous aggradation and exundation; a crevasse splay (after AD 270-290) that covers the present flood plain surface. Channel avulsion process controls 43% of the alluvial fill studied. The alluvium arriving in the upper Rhône Delta was derived mainly from proximal source areas (Massif Central, southern Alps) during the last 8,000 years, except during the Rhodanian hydrological change of the southern Alps, and secondly from the Massif Central. Finally, the interference between biomass-burning tracks, wildfires and anthropogenic impact is discussed to the regional (catchment) and local (delta) scales.

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