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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Avoiding Loss of Agricultural Subsidies: Swampbuster
Auteurs :	L. Leon Geyer, Auteur ; Dan Lawler, Auteur ; C. Max Finlayson, Auteur ; Mark Everard, Auteur ; Kenneth Irvine, Auteur ; Robert J. McInnes, Auteur ; Beth A. Middleton, Auteur ; Anne A. van Dam, Auteur ; Nick C. Davidson, Auteur
Type de document :	Chapitre
Editeur :	Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2016
Format :	1-4
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	Agricultural program benefits ; Agricultural subsidies ; Swampbuster ; Wetlands
Résumé :	Throughout past centuries, wetland loss has developed into a serious issue that carries profound environmental, economic, and political implications in the United States. According to the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) , the lower 48 states have lost an estimated 53 % of their original wetlands over the last 200 years (NRCS 2013), largely because as the United States’ agricultural sector has grown and developed, a profound amount of wetlands have been converted into cropland in order to capitalize on their fertile, nutrient-rich soils. This deprives ecosystems of the “environmental functions of wetlands, such as flood control, sediment control, groundwater recharge, water quality, wildlife habitat, recreation, and esthetics” (NRCS 2013) and occurs because “historically, the economic incentives embodied in agricultural statutes have influenced wetland decline by increasing the profitability while reducing the risks of agriculture” (DOI 2013). In order to reverse this trend, efforts to protect wetlands were implemented through the Highly Erodible Land Conservation and Wetland Conservation Compliance provisions – widely known as “Swampbuster ” – as a part of the 1985 Food Security Act. Along with key amendments in the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990, the statute encourages crop producers to conserve wetlands through financial incentives, substantially changing the working relationship between farmers and their lands. In order to effectively display how the loss of agricultural subsidies relates to wetlands, this article will detail specific Swampbuster provisions, identify their strengths and weaknesses, and discuss future challenges that affect Swampbuster’s role in environment, agriculture, and politics.
En ligne :	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6172-8_168-1
contenu dans :	The Wetland Book I : Structure and Function, Management, and Methods

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