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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Breeding Birds Along a Vegetation Gradient in a Mediterranean Landscape: Contrasting Patterns in Spatial Diversity (2013)
Auteurs :	L. Zangari, Auteur ; M. Ferraguti, Auteur ; C. Battisti, Auteur ; L. Luiselli, Auteur ; M. A. Bologna, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Vie et Milieu - Life and Environment (63(3-4) December, 2013)
Article en page(s) :	121-126
Résumé :	Diversity may be evaluated by adopting different hierarchical approaches. In this study, we analyzed the breeding bird communities of five habitats spatially distributed along a gradient of landscape vegetation in central Italy. We highlighted their structural differences at three hierarchical diversity metrics (alpha-, beta- and gamma-diversity). The beech forest showed the highest averaged values in terms of both abundance and species richness (alpha-diversity), as well as in terms of Shannon index, while chestnut and oak woods showed the lowest values. Along the vegetation gradient we observed an inverse pattern of spatial diversity from the Mediterranean sclerophilic wood to the temperate and mesophilic beech forest. The beech forest was very rich at the point count scale (higher alpha-diversity) but had the lower value both in beta- and gamma-diversity; in contrast, the sclerophilic wood had a low alpha-diversity (point-scale) and the higher beta- and gamma-diversity values. The beech forest showed a low beta-diversity (low habitat heterogeneity at the vegetation patch level), but due to the higher tree diameter and the related niche availability, it showed a high alpha-diversity (at point-scale). The sclerophilic wood, which was more simply structured, had a low alpha-diversity at point-scale, but a high beta-diversity at the vegetation patch level, due to a high heterogeneity. This study demonstrates that patterns of diversity may he complex at different hierarchic levels. If conservation and landscape planning strategies are promoted at landscape scale, objectives should be carefully specified in terms of component of species diversity (alpha-, beta-, gamma-level).

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