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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Woodpecker populations in winter in the interior of the European continent are highly dependent on climate change and its consequences (2022)
Auteurs :	Arthur O. Askeyev, Auteur ; Oleg V. Askeyev, Auteur ; Igor V. Askeyev, Auteur ; Tim H. Sparks, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of Ornithology (163(2) April, 2022)
Article en page(s) :	481-493
Langues:	Anglais
Résumé :	The climate of Eastern Europe has undergone major changes in recent decades. Significant increases in seasonal temperatures and in droughts in the Republic of Tatarstan have adversely affected the status of the forests. As a consequence, the number of woodpeckers in these forests has been affected. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of climate change and its consequences on winter population dynamics of seven species of woodpeckers. Woodpeckers were censused over a 30 year period using transect methods on fixed plots spread over a large geographic area. The abundance of four species in the first half of the winter, and five species in the second half of the winter, showed significant increases. Ordination and regression analysis showed that the main factors determining the number of woodpeckers in winter were: mean minimum winter temperature, winter severity, date of the start of permanent snow cover, number of withering and dying trees in forests, and, for Great Spotted Woodpecker, the abundance of seeds of pine and spruce. We show that the abundance of woodpeckers in the first half of winter influences the numbers in the second half. However, abundance in late winter is determined to a greater degree by winter severity and the presence of food substrates. We found that increased average minimum winter temperature, a late start to winter, and a good food supply can increase densities of most woodpecker species in the late winter period. This is consistent with trends of greater survival in woodpeckers by the start of the breeding period. The resulting “mixed” picture of the impact of environmental parameters on the number of birds arises from the mutual influence of these impacts. Only such an influence could, in our opinion, cause the observed long-term changes in woodpecker species densities.
En ligne :	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-021-01960-3

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