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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Efficacy of created and restored nesting sites for the conservation of colonial Laridae in the south of France (2022)
Auteurs :	Timothée Schwartz, Auteur ; Aurélien Besnard, Auteur ; Christophe Pin, Auteur ; Olivier Scher, Auteur ; Thomas Blanchon, Auteur ; Arnaud Béchet, Auteur ; Nicolas Sadoul, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Conservation Biology (Online September, 2022)
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés :	TdV ; Camargue ; Laridae ; Restauration environnement ; nid ; Dynamique population
Mots-clés:	artificial island ; breeding success ; ecological trap ; habitat restoration ; natural nesting site ; occupancy dynamics ; productivity
Résumé :	By rapidly modifying key habitat components, habitat restoration is at risk of producing attractive cues for animals without providing habitats of sufficient quality. As such, individual fitness components such as reproduction could be reduced and restored habitats could become ecological traps. This risk notably appears by using artificial constructions in restoration projects, yet few studies have evaluated their efficacy in a robust way. In this study, we investigated this by analysing 154 islets that were created or restored in order to improve the conservation status of seven colonial Laridae species in the south of France. During a 10-year study period (2007 to 2016), we compared occupancy dynamics and breeding parameters of these species between the restored sites and 846 unmanaged nesting sites. We also explored species’ preference for different nesting site characteristics and their respective effect on breeding parameters. We found that restored nesting sites were more attractive than unmanaged sites for all species except the black-headed gull. Colonization probability was higher in sites already used by other species the previous year. Abandonment probability was lower when breeding was successful the previous year in all species except the Sandwich tern, and decreased with the size of the colony the previous year in four of the seven species. Breeding parameters were significantly higher on managed sites. Distance from the shore was an important attractive characteristic of artificial nesting sites in all species. Other nesting site characteristics had species-specific effects on colonization, abandonment and breeding success. These results indicate that managed nesting sites are successful conservation tools for colonial Laridae in the Mediterranean and do not act as ecological traps. Our study shows that the test of the ecological trap hypothesis is a robust way to evaluate the success of restoration projects of breeding habitats.
En ligne :	https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cobi.14005

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