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La Tour du Valat

Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Two central rectrices: a temporal fingerprint for individual recognition of barred woodpeckers (2022)
Titre original:	Two central rectrices
Auteurs :	Elisa Maya-Elizarraras, Auteur ; Enrique Ramírez-García, Auteur ; Katherine Renton, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Journal of Ornithology (163(4) October, 2022)
Article en page(s) :	997-1011
Langues:	Anglais
Mots-clés:	Chamela ; Natural marking ; Photo-identification ; Plumage traits ; Tropical dry forest ; Zebra-backed woodpeckers
Résumé :	Photo-identification has gained attention as a method that allows individual recognition in several animal taxa, avoiding the risks associated with artificial marking. However, no studies have determined the existence of individually distinct external markings for small avian species, and the reliability of natural markings as an identification technique has rarely been evaluated. We aimed to determine whether a zebra-backed woodpecker species posed distinctive elements in markings on the two central rectrice tail feathers that enable individual identification. We photographed 29 pairs of central rectrices of the Golden-cheeked Woodpecker (Melanerpes chrysogenys), and characterized tail-feather markings to determine the existence of unique combinations of markings on the two central rectrices. We defined 26 traits of tail-feather markings, and found no individuals with identical natural markings in our free-living population. Cluster analysis confirmed that feather traits were sufficiently individualistic to segregate individuals, and indicated continuity in feather traits over at least two breeding seasons. Cluster analysis also segregated males and females based on feather traits, suggesting sexual differentiation in the pattern of natural markings that is rarely considered in studies. Finally, we performed recognition tests and a field simulation test on 28 volunteers and found that most volunteers made more than 80% correct matches based on feather markings. Our results suggest that natural markings may be a reliable identification technique for barred woodpeckers. Further studies are required to elucidate the continuity of individual markings after successive molts, but natural markings may serve as an identification protocol for woodpecker populations within a specified time-frame.
En ligne :	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-022-02002-2

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