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Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes

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Titre :	Sensitivity to land degradation: monitoring ecological and human factors in a Mediterranean area (1970-2000)
Auteurs :	Luca Salvati, Auteur ; Marco Zitti, Auteur ; Tomaso Ceccarelli, Auteur ; Luigi Perini, Auteur
Type de document :	Article
Dans :	Ecologia Mediterranea (34 2008)
Article en page(s) :	53-64
Résumé :	Land degradation (LD) is a global environmental hazard which has rapidly increased also in temperate regions. It involves ecological, economic, social, institutional, and cultural factors. In complex Mediterranean landscapes a thorough study of the interaction of bio-physical patterns with population and economic characteristics is necessary to better delineate sensitive areas. Up to now, few researches were devoted to assess sensitivity to LD over time in the Mediterranean basin. The aims of this paper are therefore (i) to provide a basic framework of bio-physical and socio-economic variables assumed as input of LD processes leading to desertification; (ii) to illustrate a set of environmental indicators suitable for carrying out a temporal assessment of LD in the Mediterranean basin; (iii) to suggest a simple procedure aimed to achieve a synthetic evaluation of LD over a long time period. As an example, the map of areas sensitive to LD has been obtained for Latium (central Italy) by means of Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, combining nine different indicators which reflect specific processes related to climate, soil, vegetation, and human pressure. A composite index of sensitivity to LD (ISD) has been derived from the nine indicators separately at four consecutive years (1970, 1980, 1990, 2000). ISD increased along the coastal areas and in lowlands close to the metropolitan area of Rome, suggesting that human factors have been crucial in determining trends in sensitivity to LD over the study period.

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