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Résumé :
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While the Black Sea hosts fewer elasmobranch species compared to neighbouring waters, these species face similar challenges, particularly fishing pressure. This study provides a comprehensive overview of elasmobranch diversity in the Black Sea, distinguishing between resident and transient species, and providing insights into their interactions with regional fishing practices. A total of 37 studies from across the Black Sea were reviewed, 29 of which provided fisheries data, and eight focused specifically on elasmobranch presence. Trawling (59%) emerged as the most common fishing gear used, followed by net fisheries (19%), purse seines (15%), and longlines (7%). Bycatch data indicated that Raja clavata was the most frequently caught species, whereas Dasyatis pastinaca was the least encountered. In contrast to the bycatch trends, landing data for resident species showed significant variability, ranging from less than one ton to as much as 462 tons in total. Among these, Squalus acanthias was the most frequently landed species, while the other recorded species were classified as transient. Some species, such as Hexanchus griseus, Alopias vulpinus, and Oxynotus centrina, have been reported exclusively in the southwestern Black Sea. Other species, such as Squatina squatina and Scyliorhinus canicula, appear to have historically inhabited the region but have since declined or possibly become extinct due to unknown factors. Additionally, some species mentioned exclusively in older literature, such as Sphyrna zygaena, lack confirmation regarding their identification. This underscores the need for further research to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of elasmobranch diversity and conservation status in the Black Sea.
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