Les articles de Christophe Germain

Migration shapes senescence in a long-lived bird

Thu, 28 Aug 2025 11:57:02

de Hugo Cayuela, Sébastien Roques, Antoine Arnaud, Christophe Germain, Arnaud Béchet, Jocelyn Champagnon
In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(36) (2025-09-09), e2422882122
En ligne : www.pnas.org[...]

Each year, billions of animals migrate across the globe on diverse spatial and temporal scales. Migration behavior thus plays a fundamental role in the life cycle and Darwinian fitness of many organisms. While the influence of migration on early-life survival and reproduction is well documented, its effects on senescence (aging) in advanced age remain largely unexplored. Using a unique 44-y ring-resighting dataset from a long-lived, partially migratory bird species, the Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus), we demonstrate that migration plays a key role in shaping age-specific trajectories of mortality and reproduction. Resident flamingos exhibit higher early-life demographic performances, with lower baseline mortality than migrants, resulting in longer adult lifespan. Residents also have a higher probability of breeding than migrants, though their breeding success is similar. However, residents seem to pay for their early-life advantages in old age, experiencing accelerated actuarial and reproductive senescence compared to migrants. Overall, our study highlights the critical impact of migration on survival and reproduction throughout life, thereby illustrating the role played by behavioral decisions in the biology of aging in long-lived vertebrates.

Tracking Changes and Shifting Homes: Within-Season Displacement of Greater Flamingos Phoenicopterus roseus between Mediterranean Colonies

Thu, 28 Mar 2024 15:44:11

de Abdennour Boucheker, Riad Nedjah, Mouloud Boulkhssaim, Christophe Germain, Araceli Garrido, Miguel Angel Rendón, Juan A. Amat, Manuel Rendón-Martos, Roger Prodon, Arnaud Béchet, et al.
In Ardeola, 71(1) (January, 2024), 43-60
En ligne : bioone.org[...]

Las variaciones en la calidad del hábitat en el espacio y el tiempo llevan a las aves a rastrear estos cambios para optimizar su estado físico. Investigamos los movimientos entre colonias de los flamencos comunes Phoenicopterus roseus entre colonias de cría del norte del Mediterráneo, establecidas desde hace décadas, y una nueva colonia de cría en el sur del Mediterráneo, en un sitio bastante impredecible (Ezzemoul, Argelia). Entre los flamencos observados como reproductores en Ezzemoul en 2006 y 2009, 59 y 26 individuos anillados, respectivamente, fueron observados antes durante la misma temporada de cría en otra colonia del norte del Mediterráneo y posteriormente en la colonia del sur del Mediterráneo, proporcionando así la primera evidencia de desplazamientos a gran escala dentro de la temporada (> 1.000 km) de una colonia a otra. Sugerimos que el fracaso de la cría y una densidad de nidos mucho mayor en las colonias del norte, establecidas desde hace mucho tiempo, desencadenaron estos movimientos. El éxito reproductivo y la condición corporal de los polluelos en Ezzemoul fueron mayores que en Fuente de Piedra (España), lo que indica que a gran escala espacial y en un marco de tiempo más largo, el éxito de reproducción dependiente de la densidad en las colonias de flamencos comunes puede inducir un cambio de una distribución despótica ideal a una distribución libre ideal.—Boucheker, A., Nedjah, R., Boulkhssaïm, M., Germain, Ch., Garrido, A., Rendón, M.A., Amat, j.A., Rendón-Martos, M., Prodon, R., Béchet, A. y Samraoui, B. (2024). Rastreando cambios y desplazamientos entre sitios de nidificación: Desplazamientos de flamencos comunes Phoenicopterus roseus entre colonias mediterráneas dentro de la temporada de cría. Ardeola, 71: 43-60.

Predicting the vulnerability of seasonally-flooded wetlands to climate change across the Mediterranean Basin

Fri, 30 Aug 2019 17:01:54

de Gaëtan Lefebvre, Lauren Redmond, Christophe Germain, Elisa Palazzi, Silvia Terzago, Loic Willm, Brigitte Poulin
In Science of The Total Environment, 692 (November, 2019), 546-555
En ligne : www.sciencedirect.com[...]

Wetlands have been declining worldwide over the last century with climate change becoming an additional pressure, especially in regions already characterized by water deficit. This paper investigates how climate change will affect the values and functions of Mediterranean seasonally-flooded wetlands with emergent vegetation. We simulated the future evolution of water balance, wetland condition and water volumes necessary to maintain these ecosystems at mid- and late- 21st century, in 229 localities around the Mediterranean basin. We considered future projections of the relevant climatic variables under two Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios assuming a stabilization (RCP4.5) or increase (RCP 8.5) of greenhouse gases emissions. We found similar increases of water deficits at most localities around 2050 under both RCP scenarios. By 2100, however, water deficits under RCP 8.5 are expected to be more severe and will impact all localities. Simulations performed under current conditions show that 97% of localities could have wetland habitats in good state. By 2050, however, this proportion would decrease to 81% and 68% under the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, respectively, decreasing further to 52% and 27% by 2100. Our results suggest that wetlands can persist with up to a 400 mm decrease in annual precipitation. Such resilience to climate change is attributed to the semi-permanent character of wetlands (lower evaporation on dry ground) and their capacity to act as reservoir (higher precipitation expected in some countries during winter). Countries at highest risk of wetland degradation and loss are Algeria, Morocco, Portugal and Spain. Degradation of wetlands with emergent vegetation will negatively affect their biodiversity and the services they provide by eliminating animal refuges and primary resources for industry and tourism. A sound strategy to preserve these wetlands would consist of proactive management to reduce non-climate.
stressors. / Grâce à un partenariat avec l’institut des Sciences Atmosphériques et du Climat du Conseil National de la Recherche à Turin dans le cadre du projet H2020 Ecopotential, les projections météo pour les période 2050 et 2100 ont été estimées pour 229 localités autour de la Méditerranée et intégrées à mar-o-sel.net selon deux scénarios, l’un prévoyant une stabilisation des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (RCP4.5) et l’autre la poursuite de leur croissance actuelle (RCP8.5).
Des simulations ont permis de paramétrer des zones humides virtuelles pour chaque localité selon les conditions climatiques actuelles, puis en fonction des conditions climatiques de 2050 et 2100 selon les deux scénarios. Des valeurs seuils en termes de durée d’inondation et de sécheresse nécessaire au bon état des zones humides ont été définies pour que l’impact des changements climatiques puisse être visualiser en termes de dégradation ou transition d’écosystèmes.
Malgré un déficit hydrique accru sur l’ensemble de la Méditerranée en 2100 (de -239 mm ou -472 mm en moyenne selon les scénarios), certaines ZH pourront se maintenir en bon état grâce à leur caractère semi-permanent (évaporation moindre lorsque le sol est sec) et leur capacité de réservoir (précipitations accrues en hiver dans certains pays). Néanmoins, c’est seulement 68% (2050) et 27% (2100) des zones humides qui se maintiendront en bon état si les émissions de gaz à effet de serre poursuivent leur croissance actuelle. Le volume annuel moyen d’eau nécessaire pour préserver la biodiversité et les services rendus par ces écosystèmes variera d’un million (sites légèrement dégradés) à plus de 3,5 millions (sites en voie d’assèchement permanent) de litres d’eau par année et hectare. Les pays les plus à risque quant à la dégradation ou perte de zones humides sont l’Algérie, le Maroc, le Portugal et l’Espagne.

Contribution of rainfall vs. water management to Mediterranean wetland hydrology: Development of an interactive simulation tool to foster adaptation to climate variability (2015)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:02:23

de Gaëtan Lefebvre, Christophe Germain, Brigitte Poulin
2015

Mediterranean wetlands are increasingly managed to maintain their functions and services following modification in water allocation, embankment and climate change, calling for proactive and adaptive water management. In a first step, we used long-term monitoring of water levels in 37 adjacent embanked marshes in the Camargue as a repeated non-controlled experiment to build a hydrological model. Without information on water input/output by marsh users, we could nevertheless estimate evapotranspiration under flooding and dry conditions, and soil water coefficient. The model provided a high predictive accuracy (adjusted R-2 = 0.73-0.83) of monthly water levels when applied to an independent sample of 12 marshes. In a second step we developed an interactive decision-aid tool that allows users to visualize the impact of their management strategy (desired water level at a specific month) on subsequent water levels, and their consequence on different components of the ecosystem over a 10-yr period. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

To leave or not to leave: survival trade-offs between different migratory strategies in the greater flamingo (2012)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:02:36

de A. Sanz-aguilar, Arnaud Béchet, Christophe Germain, A.R. Jonhson, R. Pradel
2012

Assessing spatial and temporal population dynamics of cryptic species: an example with the European pond turtle (2010)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:03:48

de Anthony Olivier, C. Barbraud, E. Rosecchi, Christophe Germain, G. Cheylan
2010

Metapopulation dynamics of the greater flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus in the Mediterranean: Implications for conservation (2009)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:06:59

de O. Balkiz, Arnaud Béchet, L. Rouan, R. Choquet, Christophe Germain, J.A. Amat, M. Rendon-martos, N. Baccetti, U. Ozesmi, R. Pradel
2009
En ligne : www.wetlands.org[...]

An update of the status of the greater flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus in Turkey (2009)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:06:59

de O. Balkiz, U. Ozesmi, R. Pradel, Christophe Germain, M. Siki, J.A. Amat, M. Rendon-martos, N. Baccetti, Arnaud Béchet
2009
En ligne : digital.csic.es[...]

Assessment of the impacts of hydrological fluctuations and salt pans abandonment on greater flamingos in the Camargue, South of France (2009)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:06:53

de Arnaud Béchet, Christophe Germain, A. Sandoz, G.J.M. Hirons, R.E. Green, John G. Walmsley, Alan R. Johnson
2009

Greater flamingos stop breeding in the Camargue (southern France) in 2007, for the first time in 38 years; the beginning of a new era? (2009)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:06:53

de Arnaud Béchet, Antoine Arnaud, Christophe Germain, Alan R. Johnson
2009
En ligne : www.wetlands.org[...]

A common database for ring resightings of the greater flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus in the Mediterranean (2009)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:05:22

de Christophe Germain, Arnaud Béchet
2009
En ligne : www.wetlands.org[...]

Quelle base de données choisir? Pensez à l'adhésion des utilisateurs (2009)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:05:22

de Christophe Germain
2009

Current research and conservation of the greater flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus in Algeria (2009)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:03:18

de B. Samraoui, M. Boulkhssaim, A. Bouzid, E. Bensaci, Christophe Germain, Arnaud Béchet, F. Samraoui
2009
En ligne : www.researchgate.net[...]

Metapopulation networks as tools for research and conservation: the case of the Greater Flamingo in the Mediterranean and West Africa

Thu, 15 Feb 2018 17:16:06

de Arnaud Béchet, Christophe Germain, Juan Aguilar Amat, Charina Canas, Manuel Rendón-Martos, Araceli Garrido, Nicola Baccetti, Paolo Dall'Antonia, Ozge Balkyz, Yelli Diawara, et al.
In Ostrich, 78(2) (June, 2007), 506-507
En ligne : www.researchgate.net[...]

Environmental determinants of Greater Flamingo breeding success in the Camargue, southern France

Thu, 15 Feb 2018 17:14:57

de Arnaud Béchet, Alan R. Johnson, Christophe Germain
In Ostrich, 78(2) (June, 2007), 507-507

Range of the greater flamingo, Phoenicopterus roseus, metapopulation in the Mediterranean: new insights from Turkey (2007)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:06:59

de O. Balkiz, U. Ozesmi, R. Pradel, Christophe Germain, M. Siki, J.A. Amat, M. Rendon-martos, N. Baccetti, Arnaud Béchet
2007

The greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) research project in the Mediterranean = Projet de recherche sur le flamant rose (Phoenicopterus roseus) dans le bassin méditerranéen (2007)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:05:22

de Christophe Germain
2007

Summary of the flamingo breeding season in the Mediterranean and West Africa 2003 (2003)

Mon, 26 Oct 2015 10:06:53

de Arnaud Béchet, Christophe Germain
Arles : Tour du Valat, 2003, 7p